不同地下滴灌制度下黄瓜根际微生物活性及功能多样性  

Microbial activity and functional diversity in rhizosphere of cucumber under different subsurface drip irrigation scheduling

作　　者：李华 贺洪军 李腾飞 张自坤 

机构地区：[1]德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253015

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第8期2349-2354,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-02-022-03)资助

摘　　要：采用微生物培养、BIOLOG碳素利用法和土壤酶活性测定等方法,分析了日光温室不同地下灌溉制度下黄瓜根际土壤中微生物活性及功能多样性.结果表明:根际土壤微生物生物量C、N含量、基础呼吸、代谢熵、AWCD值、Shannon指数和McIntosh指数随灌水量的增加呈先升高后下降的趋势;在0.8Ep(Ep为20 cm标准蒸发皿蒸发量)灌溉水平下,I2处理(灌水周期8 d)根际土壤微生物生物量C、N含量、基础呼吸、代谢熵、AWCD值、Shannon指数和McIntosh指数显著高于I1处理(灌水周期4 d).0.8Ep处理下,细菌、放线菌、自生固氮菌数量及脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性显著高于其他2个灌水量处理(0.6Ep和1.0Ep);I2处理的细菌和自生固氮菌数量、脲酶、磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性显著高于I1处理,放线菌数量、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性与I1处理差异不显著,而真菌数量显著低于I1处理.I20.8Ep处理使黄瓜根际土壤中微生物代谢活性和微生物群落功能多样性升高,微生物区系得以改善,土壤酶活性提高,促进黄瓜生长.The effects of subsurface drip irrigation scheduling on microbial activity and functional diversity in rhizosphere of cucumber in solar greenhouse were studied in this paper. The results showed that the soil microbial biomass C and N, basal respiration, metabolic quotient and values of AWCD, Shannon and McIntosh indexes were increased at first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation water amount. The values of microbial C and N, basal respiration and metabolic quo- tient in 12 treatments were significantly higher than those in I1 treatments at the 0.8Ep irrigation level. The numbers of bacteria, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and the activities of urease, phosphatase, sucrase, catalase and polyhenoloxidase were significantly higher in the 0.8Ep treatment than in the other treatments. The numbers of bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the ac- tivities of urease, phosphatase and sucrase in 12 treatments were significantly higher than in I1 treat- ment, the actinomyces number and activities of catalase and polyhenoloxidase had no significant difference between I1 and 12 treatments, however, the fungi number in 12 treatments were significant- ly lower than in I treaments at the 0.8Ep irrigation level. The microbial activity and functional di- versity in rhizosphere of cucumber were strengthened in the I20.8Ep treatment, meanwhile, the soil microflora was improved and the soil enzymes activities were enhanced, therefore, the cucumber growth was promoted as well.

关 键 词：地下滴灌 BIOLOG碳素利用 基础呼吸 微生物生物量 酶活性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S154.3[农业科学—园艺学]