HXD2机车动力轮对的集成有限元模型  

Integral Finite Modeling for the Powered Wheelset of HXD2 Locomotive

作　　者：赵永翔[1] 蔡慧[1] 敬霖[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2014年第14期21-26,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51175439);教育部博士点基金(20110184110003);四川省支撑计划(2012GZX0082);铁道部科技发展计划(2012G002-10);牵引动力国家重点实验室(2012TPL-T02)资助项目

摘　　要：零部件应力的准确计算,是正确研究铁路轮对可靠性的基础。考虑多重过盈装配和轮轨、轴承滚动接触的物理关系,提出了HXD2机车轮对的集成有限元计算方法。考虑零部件几何、多重过盈配合和滚动接触的应力梯度效应,进行轮对网格划分与细节处理。克服以轴承微观接触求解步长无法在有效时间内实现轮对有限元计算的难题,提出整体、局部两步计算策略。整体计算,将轴承按等效刚度处理为内部无接触模型的虚拟轴承,有限元计算在无微观接触模型下完成。局部计算,把包含轴承及相关装配关系的轮对部分从整体模型中截取下来作为计算对象,轴承恢复物理微观接触模型,以整体计算时在截面留下的应变作为约束。算例说明集成模型可计算轮对中复杂接触物理等约束关系影响下零部件的应力及分布。Accurate calculation of the component stresses is a basis of correct reliability analysis of a railway wheelset. An integral finite modeling is conducted for the powered wheelset of HXD2 locomotive. Effects of complicated physical contact relations are taken into account due to the multi-interference fits, wheel-track macro-contacts, and bearing roller-raceways micro-contacts in the wheelset. Stress gradient effects are considered to reasonably mesh the fits, contacts, and geometrically related component solids. Two steps policy are proposed including entire calculation of wheelset and then local calculation of bearing related part. And non-solution problem in an acceptable time is solved when applying the step length matching the micro-contacts between bearing rollers-raceways for full wheelset. The entire calculation is performed using virtual bearings with an equivalent rigidity but without micro-contacts. The local calculation is done, under a bearing rollers-raceways restoring to true micro-contacts, and the local part close to one side of the axle cutting from the full wheelset, in which the strain vector on the cutting section of axle is used as constraints. Application practice indicates that the present modeling can be used to calculate the distributed stresses of components under the affecting of complicated physical contact relations and constraints in the wheelset.

关 键 词：机车 轮对 有限元法 集成分析 

分 类 号：U264[机械工程—车辆工程] U270[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]