土壤不同镉浓度对玉米CT38生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of different cadmium concentrations in soil on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities of maize CT38

作　　者：惠俊爱[1,2] 党志[2] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广东广州510225 [2]华南理工大学,广东广州510331

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2014年第5期884-889,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730741);863项目(2007AA0610-01);广东省自然科学基金团队项目(9351064101000001);华南理工大学自然科学基金(E5090550)

摘　　要：玉米(Zea mays L.)被认为是镉吸收强、生物量大的经济作物。采用盆栽实验研究镉胁迫对玉米CT38植株生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响。通过向土壤中添加不同浓度的镉,设定1、5、15、50、100 mg·kg-1共5个镉浓度,研究不同镉浓度长期处理下对玉米CT38生长发育的影响。结果表明:处理90 d时玉米株高在镉处理浓度15、50、100 mg·kg-1分别比对照下降了18.2%、56.1%、59.8%,鲜质量分别比对照下降了53.3%、66.9%、77.9%。镉胁迫下玉米植株叶中抗氧化酶系统的POD、CAT和APX活性变化规律存在共同点,随镉处理浓度升高,基本呈单峰曲线变化,SOD活性变化情况较复杂。处理90 d时,镉处理浓度为1、5、15、50、100 mg·kg-1时,玉米CT38叶片POD活性分别比同期对照下降了12.1%、49.8%、60%、64.9%、75.1%;APX活性分别下降了54.4%、58.9%、65.6%、79.5%、85.3%;CAT活性分别增加了12.5%、18.8%、31.3%、65.6%、143.8%。CAT活性在玉米生长发育阶段随镉浓度升高呈现增加趋势镉使玉米叶片内酶含量上升,可溶性蛋白总量增加,为玉米对抗镉胁迫提供生理基础,对抗镉胁迫影响,提高POD活性,加速玉米植株内过氧化物清除速度。在相对低的镉浓度作用下,玉米叶片CAT活性升高,抵抗低浓度镉胁迫条件下产生的过氧化氢,从而适应逆境环境。Maize （Zea mays L.） was considered to be the cadmium absorption strong, large biomass crops. The pot experiment wasconducted to study effects of cadmium stress on growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of maize CT38 plant. By adding different concentrations of cadmium in the soil, set 1, 5, 15, 50, 100 mg·kg-1, a total of 5 Cd concentration, to study the effects of different concentration of cadmium long-term treatment on corn growth and development of CT38. The results showed that, Maize plant height in the Cd concentration 15, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 were decreased by 18.2%, 56.1%, 59.8%, fresh weight were decreased by 53.3%, 66.9%, 77.9% when dealing with 90 d. There were common points of maize leaf antioxidase system in POD, CAT, and APX activity change of Cd stress, with the Cd concentration increased, the basic was the single peak curve, the change of SOD activity was more complex. The treatment of 90 d, the Cd concentration was 1, 5, 15, 50, 100 mg·kg-1, POD activity in leaves of maize CT38 respectively over the same period decreased by 12.1%, 49.8%, 60%, 64.9%, 75.1%. APX activity were decreased by 54.4%, 58.9%, 65.6%, 79.5%, 85.3%. The activity of CAT were increased by 12.5%, 18.8%, 31.3%, 65.6%, 143.8%. The activity of CAT in maize growth stages increased cadmium content in maize leaves enzyme increased with cadmium concentration. Total soluble protein increased, provide the physiological basis for maize against cadmium stress, against the effects of cadmium stress. Increased POD activity, accelerated the corn plant peroxide scavenging rate. Cadmium concentrations in the role of relatively low, increased CAT activity of maize, resulting in resistance to low concentrations of cadmium stress conditions of hydrogen peroxide, so as to adapt to the stress environment.

关 键 词：镉胁迫 玉米 蛋白 酶系统 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]