修复临界节段性骨缺损:组织工程骨支架形态及对种子细胞负载有效性的影响  

Repairing critical-size segmental defects: morphology of tissue engineering bone scaffolds and its effects on cell loading

作　　者：曾宪利[1] 杨春露[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院附属中心医院,辽宁省手外科组织工程实验室,辽宁省沈阳市110024 [2]武警辽宁省总队医院骨科,辽宁省沈阳市110034

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2014年第29期4717-4723,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：辽宁省手外科组织工程实验室建设项目(201104523);辽宁省科技厅自然科技基金(201102217);沈阳医学院优秀人才基金(20081024)~~

摘　　要：背景:针对修复临界节段性骨缺损组织工程骨仍处在研究阶段,理想的构建方法较少。目的:回顾分析骨组织工程支架材料、构建形态以及对种子细胞负载影响的基础与应用研究,以寻求适合种子细胞能够大量有效负载于特殊形态的工程骨支架,可能为修复节段性骨缺损的骨组织工程研究提供一个新的思路。方法:由第一作者检索1994至2013年PubMed数据库以及万方数据库相关组织工程人工骨构建方法研究的文献,并进行系统整理、总结和分析。结果与结论:共检索到文献379篇,其中中文文献161篇,英文文献218篇,按照纳入和排除标准进行筛选,共纳入53篇。通过认真阅读及分析,结果表明:临界节段性骨缺损重建所需要的骨组织工程支架体积较大,需要负载的种子细胞数量巨大,如果没有适宜的供细胞附着的形态和形状,就达不到有活性植入物的要求,所植入材料无疑类似单纯人工骨,不能起到组织工程骨的作用。能够使种子细胞有效负载于工程骨支架材料上并保持活性是用于临床的第一步,所以负载有生物活性种子细胞数量的多少将是成功与否的重要保障。针对接种种子细胞有效程度或种子细胞数量和活性的检测多是通过间接方法佐证接种的有效性。有些培养种子细胞和接种的模式虽然可以保障接种的细胞数量,但接种后真正负载在支架上细胞的具体数量未知,其活性未检测。将工程骨支架制成特殊形状、形态便于种子细胞的有效接种和增殖,保持一定的生物力学性能,诱导成骨的发生,并通过简便、直接的方法检测负载于支架材料上种子细胞的数量和活性是十分重要的。BACKGROUND： Tissue engineering bone application for repairing critical-size segmental defects is still in research stage. The ideal construction methods have not yet been found. OBJECTIVE： To review the research literatures on tissue engineering bone scaffold material, its shape and effect on the loading of seeding cells, seek appropriate engineered bone scaffolds which are capable of loading a large number of cells effectively and probably, and providea new way of repairing segmental bone defects. METHODS： The first author performed a data retrieval of PubMed and Wanfang databases from 1994 to 2013, to search the articles addressing the construction method of tissue engineering bone scaffold, and reviewed the literatures systematically. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A total of 379 references were retrieved, including 161 articles in Chinese and 218 articles in English. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53 articles were finally involved in the analysis. The analysis results indicated that, the needed volume of bone tissue engineering scaffolds for critical-sized section bone defect reconstruction is big, which needs to load a huge number of seed cells. If there is no suitable forms and shapes for cell adhesion, the property of so-called engineered bone is similar to pure artificial bone implants. The effective load of seed cells on engineering bone scaffold material and keeping the activity is the first step in clinical practice, as well as the important guarantee for loading bioactive seed cells. Hence, a more simple and accurate detection method for loading cell quantity is needed. Looking into the retrieved content, effective load cell quantity and its bioactivity are detected by indirect methods, supporting the effectiveness of cell seeding. Some methods can guarantee the cell quantity and seeding pattern, the real load is unknown as well as the activity. Fabricating engineering bone scaffold into special form and shape are easyto effective seeding, proliferation and maintaining the biomech

关 键 词：组织工程 生物力学 支架 生物形态 组织构建 骨组织工程 骨缺损 人工骨构建 形态 种子细胞 接种 数量 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]