母孕期及新生儿期危险因素与儿童支气管哮喘的关系  

A study on the relationship between pregnant, neonatal risk factors and childhood asthma

作　　者：贾春梅[1] 王俊卿[1] 陈小琴[1] 王冬梅[1] 姜采荣[1] 姜黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古包头市第四医院儿科,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《临床儿科杂志》2014年第8期716-719,共4页Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的分析儿童支气管哮喘与母孕期及新生儿期各因素的相关性，为疾病预防提供依据。方法对已确诊为支气管哮喘的162例患儿以及213名正常儿童进行回顾性调查，包括一般情况，母亲围孕期情况（产次、孕早期发热、妊娠高血压综合征、妊娠糖尿病、孕早期服药史），新生儿情况（出生时体表缺陷、窒息、胎盘粗糙、出生体质量、胎数、胎龄、剖宫产）。结果支气管哮喘儿童与对照儿童，母亲孕早期发热、妊娠高血压综合征、孕早期服药、胎盘粗糙、窒息、出生体质量、早产、剖官产的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；多因素Logistic回归分析发现，母亲孕早期发热（OR=9．43，95％CI：3．08～28．82）、胎盘粗糙（OR=2．15，95％CI：1．29～3．59）、早产（OR=5．16，95％CI：1．53～17．39）、剖宫产（OR=4．05，95％CI：2．40～6．86）均为儿童哮喘的独立危险因素。结论母亲孕早期发热、胎盘粗糙、早产、剖官产可能与儿童支气管哮喘发生相关。Objective To explore the relationship between childhood asthma and pregnant and neonatal risk factors, thus provide evidence for early prevention of childhood asthma. Methods 162 children diagnosed asthma and 213 healthy children in pediatric outpatient and the inpatient services of our hospital who was born and living in Baotou city were retrospectively analyzed. The pregnancy related factors （parity, fever during pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, history of overdose in early-pregnancy） and the neonatal period related factors （surface defects, asphyxia, rough placenta, birth weight, number of fetus during this pregnancy, gestational age, premature birth, cesarean section） were investigated. The sex and age showed no significance between childhood asthma and control group. Results Eight pregnant and neonatal factors （fever during pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, history of overdose in early-pregnancy, surface defects, asphyxia, rough placenta, birth weight, premature birth, cesarean section） showed significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Multifactor regression analysis found fever during pregnancy （OR=9.43, 95%CI：3.08～28.82）, rough placenta （0R=2.15, 95%CI：1.29～3.59）, premature birth （0R=5.16, 95%CI：1.53～17.39） and cesarean section （0R=4.05, 95%CI：2.40～6.86）are independent risk factors for childhood asthma. Conclusions Fever during pregnancy, abnormal placenta; premature birth and cesarean section are likely risk factors of childhood asthma.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 危险因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]