复合结构黏弹性阻尼减振砂轮接杆的研究  

Research of Viscoelastic Damping Anti-vibration Grinding Wheel Spindle with Composite Structure

作　　者：王军[1] 王加春[1] 吴凤和[1] 周勇[1] 柏虎 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2014年第15期192-197,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX04002-111);河北省自然科学基金(E2012203097)资助项目

摘　　要：为满足高速磨削内孔的需要,研制一种由金属、工程陶瓷和黏弹性阻尼材料组成的新型复合结构减振砂轮接杆。对磨杆的设计原理和黏弹性阻尼结构进行论证,在保证砂轮接杆具有较高静刚度的前提下减小平均密度和增大阻尼比。对该砂轮接杆的刚度、固有频率和谐响应等静、动态性能进行有限元分析和试验验证,并与普通钢质整体式砂轮接杆和金属-陶瓷复合结构砂轮接杆进行性能对比;研究阻尼芯直径与砂轮接杆动态性能的关系。结果表明:黏弹性阻尼砂轮接杆的静刚度高于普通钢质砂轮接杆约10%,略低于金属陶瓷复合结构砂轮接杆约0.6%;其动态性能优于前两者,即具有更高的固有频率和动刚度。固有频率较普通钢质砂轮接杆提高约49%,较金属-陶瓷砂轮接杆提高约12%。动态响应幅值较普通钢质砂轮接杆减小约43%,较金属-陶瓷砂轮接杆减小约20%。此新型砂轮接杆适于高速磨削加工。In order to meet the requirements of high-speed internal grinding, a new kind of grinding wheel spindle made of metal, engineering ceramics and viscoelastic damping materials is designed with composite structure. A sound analysis and exposition of design concept and viscoelastic damping structure are made. The average density and damping ratio of grinding wheel spindle are respectively decreased and increased under the premise of ensuring higher static stiffness. The static and dynamic properties including static stiffness, natural frequency and harmonic response of this grinding wheel spindle are analyzed by finite element and experimental method, and are compared with conventional and hybrid ceramic-metallic grinding wheel spindle. The relationship between dynamic properties with the diameter of damping core is analyzed. The results show that the static stiffness of viscoelastic damping anti-vibration grinding wheel spindle is higher than conventional by about 10%, and slightly lower than hybrid ceramic-metallic grinding wheel spindle by 0.6%, and the new grinding wheel spindle also has better dynamic properties, namely, higher natural frequency and dynamic stiffness. Natural frequency is increased by about 49% and 12% than conventional and hybrid ceramic-metallic grinding wheel spindle respectively, and dynamic response amplitude is decreased by about 43% and 20% correspondingly. This new kind of grinding wheel spindle is appropriate to high speed grinding.

关 键 词：砂轮接杆 黏弹性阻尼 有限元 动态性能 复合结构 

分 类 号：TG74[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]