宝天曼自然保护区不同生活型物种与土壤相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of soil and species of different life forms in Baotianman Nature Reserve

作　　者：陈云[1] 袁志良[1] 任思远[1] 韦博良[1] 贾宏汝[2] 叶永忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院,郑州450002 [2]郑州大学离子束生物工程省重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《科学通报》2014年第24期2367-2376,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2008BAC39802)资助

摘　　要：植物群落更新过程受森林垂直结构的影响,而土壤是群落更新演替过程中的重要影响因素.本研究以宝天曼自然保护区1 hm2固定监测样地调查数据为依托,采用方差分解（RDA）分析了表层土、深层土与不同生活型物种分布的关系,并对两层土壤理化性质进行主成分分析（PCA）,通过广义可加模型（GAM）拟合了乔木、小乔木、灌木中主要物种分布与主成分分析中各主分量的关系.结果表明：（ⅰ）表层土、深层土共同解释了全部物种、乔木、小乔木、灌木分布的40.52%,40.46%,37.17%,42.14%,其中表层土壤独立解释了14.68%,17.32%,10.61%,14.34%,深层土壤独立解释了18.24%,17.22%,18.8%,18.84%;（ⅱ）15个土壤理化性质主成分分析表明,前4个主分量分别代表了38.02%,14.41%,9.06%,5.79%,累计贡献率达67.28%;（ⅲ）GAM拟合结果显示,不同生活型物种与4个主分量相关程度不同,乔木层D2介于0.63%~9.07%,小乔木层D2介于1.41%~29.93%,灌木层D2介于1.91%~15.53%.本研究结果支持物种共存机制中的生态位理论,土壤理化性质对宝天曼物种分布具有重要影响;表层土养分含量大于深层土,但并不意味着对物种的作用也大于深层土,在今后研究中要结合物种自身特性,重视深层土壤理化性质对物种分布的作用;不同物种以及不同生活型物种对土壤等资源的利用存在差异,这种差异促进了物种的共存.The plant community renewal process is influenced by the vertical structure of forests and soil is an important factor affecting community succession. This study investigated the relationships between soil and different species of each forest layer in the Baotianman Nature Reserve. The Canonical Redundancy Analysis （RDA） was used to explore the relationship between the surface soil and deep soil and the distribution of different forest layer species. Principal Component Analysis （PCA） was conducted on the properties of the two soil layers and a Generalized Additive Model （GAM） was used to fit the relationship between the main species of trees, small trees and shrubs with each principal component. The results were as follows： （i） the surface soil and deep soil jointly explained 40.52%, 40.46%, 37.17% and 42.14% of the distribution of all species, trees, small trees and shrubs, respectively. The corresponding values in the surface soil independently were 14.68%, 17.32%, 10.61% and 17.32%, and in the deep soil independently were 18.24%, 17.22%, 18.8% and 18.84%. （ii） The 15 soil properties of PCA showed that the first four principal components represented 38.02%, 14.41%, 9.06% and 5.79% and the cumulative contribution rate was 67.28%. （iii） The GAM fitting results showed the different forest vertical layers that were associated with the four 2principal components： the tree layer of D2 was 0.63%-9.07%, the little tree layer ofD2 was 1.41%-1.41% and the shrub layer of D was 1.91%-1.91%. These results showed that soil properties play an important role on species distribution in the Baotianman Nature Reserve. The nutrient content of topsoil is greater than the deep soil, but that does not necessarily mean a stronger relationship with the forest layer species distribution than the deep soil. Future research should focus on the combined effects of the soil properties and the characteristics of the each layer species, with special attention to the role of the species in the deep soil. Different

关 键 词：土壤理化性质 方差分解 广义可加模型 不同生活型物种 物种共存 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]