植物非编码小RNA研究进展(英文)  

Recent studies on non-coding small RNAs in plants

作　　者：沈恩惠 刘扬[1] 叶楚玉[1] 樊龙江[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院农学系/浙江省作物种质资源重点实验室,杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第4期370-378,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31200117);Ministry of Science and Technology,China(No.2013IM030700);the Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company Project(Nos.08A05 and 2011YN04)

摘　　要：在植物和动物中存在着大量非编码小RNA,它们通过对靶标mRNA直接切割或在转录后抑制其翻译对基因表达起调控作用.本文主要综述了该领域在以下2方面的研究进展.1)微RNA(miRNA)介导的具有相位排列的小干扰RNA(phasiRNA):由miRNA介导的phasiRNA可由编码和非编码位点产生;介绍了phasiRNA产生的模式特征,以及phasiRNA和miRNA的进化机制.2)介绍了最近出现的内源miRNA诱捕靶标(endogenous target mimics,eTMs)研究进展,包括利用人工诱捕靶标检验miRNA的功能,通过生物信息学方法在全基因组水平计算识别eTMs等.There are many non-coding small RNAs in plants and animals , which regulate gene expression via direct cleavage of target mRNAs or via inhibition of translation at the post-transcriptional level . In this paper , recent studies on microRNA （ miRNA ）-mediated phased siRNAs （ phasiRNA ） and endogenous target mimics （eTMs） were reviewed：1） phasiRNAs can be generated both in coding and non-coding loci , and some require miRNA-mediated cleavage for their biogenesis . Pattern and evolutionary mechanisms of miRNA-mediated phasiRNAs were discussed . 2） Genome-wide identification and application of eTMs as miRNA decoy targets were recommended , including the use of artificial target mimics to validate the functions of miRNAs and employing bioinformatics methods to identify eTMs in the whole-genome level .

关 键 词：微RNA 小干扰RNA 相位排列的小干扰RNA 内源诱捕靶标 生物信息学 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]