68例非住院高龄卧床管饲患者营养状况调查  

Investigation on the Nutrition Status of 68 Non-hospitalized Aged Bed-ridden Patients with Tube Feeding

作　　者：徐静[1] 王林[1] 柳惠玲[2] 高凤[1] 张敏[1] 张丹[1] 杨阳[1] 周楠[1] 赖晓蕊 

机构地区：[1]沈阳军区总医院营养科,沈阳110840 [2]沈阳军区总医院保健科,沈阳110840

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2014年第8期83-86,共4页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：目的:评价非住院高龄卧床管饲患者营养状况。方法:以驻沈干休所68名长期卧床高龄休干为调查对象,记录被调查对象每天摄入的所有食物的种类和数量,计算每人每天摄入的热能、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等供能营养素以及膳食纤维数量,采集人体测量指标及实验室指标综合评价高龄患者的营养状况。结果:老年患者管饲匀浆中食物种类比较齐全,但在数量上有个别品种不能达到建议值;能量摄入偏低(16.2kcal/kg),三大供能营养素中碳水化合物供能比36%,而蛋白质和脂肪供能比分别为26%、35%;膳食纤维摄入9.2g(8.4g/1 000kcal),是RNI的60%。血清白蛋白和前白蛋白降低者最多,有48.5%患者的BMI处于低限值以下。结论:高龄患者管饲饮食配方中有不尽合理之处,营养不良发生率较高,高龄患者的肠内营养支持不仅要保证能量摄入,尚需维持三大供能营养素的合理比例。[Objective] To evaluate the nutrition status of non-hospitalized aged bed-ridden patients with tube feeding. [Method] To- tally 68 aged bedridden patients in retired cadres of Shenyang were enrolled, the meal types and quantities in home-made blenderized diet were recorded and daily intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and diet fibre were analyzed. Indexes of anthropometry and biochemistry were collected to evaluate the nutrition status comprehensively. [Result] The variety of food in the blenderized diet was satisfied, while the quantities of some food didn＇t meet RNI. The energy intake was lower [ 16. 2kcal/（ kg · bw） ] , and the source of energy included protein （26%） , fat （35%） , carbohydrate （36%） . Daily intake of diet fibre was 8. 4g/1000kcal, which was 60% of RNI. The reductions of serum albumin and pre-albumin were found in most aged patients, and the value of BMI of 48.5% aged patients was under the lower limit . [Conclusion] The formula of home-made homogenate was not perfect, and the incidence of malnutrition in the aged bedridden patients was high. Energy intake and reasonable ratio of the three nutrients should be ensured in the enteral nutrition support of the aged tube feeding patients.

关 键 词：高龄 管饲 营养状况 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]