长湖水质演变特征及水环境现状评价  

Variation of water quality and present water environment assessment of Changhu Lake

作　　者：刘建峰[1,2] 张翔[1,2] 谢平[1,2] 朱志龙 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]水资源安全保障湖北省协同创新中心,武汉大学,湖北武汉430072 [3]湖北省水文水资源局,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水资源保护》2014年第4期18-22,共5页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51279143;51179131);国家社会科学基金(12&ZD215)

摘　　要：利用湖北省长湖2001—2011年的水质监测资料,分析了长湖年际及月际的水质演变规律。结果表明,2005年长湖水质达到最差,然后呈逐渐好转趋势,至2011年,长湖水质已有明显改善。在1个水文年内,长湖的水质优劣顺序依次是:丰水期,平水期,枯水期。利用模糊综合评价方法对2011年长湖水质状况进行评价,结果表明,该年3个水期长湖水质状况的最大隶属等级为Ⅰ类,水质较好。利用卡尔森指数法对长湖2011年丰水期进行富营养化评价,结果表明,除习家口水域外,全湖水体基本上处于中度富营养化水平。对长湖水环境压力进行分析,结果表明,长湖的生态系统正面临衰退困境,而主要污染物的年入湖量已大大超出长湖的纳污能力。Based on water quality monitoring data from the period of 2001 to 2011 in Changhu Lake , in Hubei Province , the inter-annual and inter-monthly variations of water quality of the lake are analyzed .The results show that the water quality was worst in 2005 , and then gradually became better .In 2011 , the water quality improved significantly .In a hydrological year , the water quality diminished over the following stages： the wet period , the normal period , and the dry period .The method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to evaluate the water quality of the lake in 2011 .The results show that the maximum membership degree was I for the three periods , indicating that the water quality was good . The Carlson trophic state index was adopted for eutrophication assessment of the water quality in the wet period .The results show that all the water areas were in a state of moderate eutrophication , except for the Xijiakou water area .Analysis of water environmental pressure shows that the Changhu Lake ecosystem is facing the challenge of degradation .In addition , the amount of the main pollutants into the lake has exceeded its water environmental capacity .

关 键 词：水质 模糊综合评价 卡尔森指数法 富营养化 水环境压力 长湖 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]