黄河内蒙古河段2012年洪水前后河势演变  

River regime change in Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River by considering the 2012 flood

作　　者：王卫红[1] 于守兵[1] 郑艳爽[1] 王少强[2] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院泥沙研究所,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河水利委员会黄河机械厂,河南郑州450006

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2014年第5期35-38,49,共5页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB403305);黄河水利科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2014-20)

摘　　要：为了分析黄河内蒙古河段2012年大洪水前后河势的演变特征,采用洪水前、洪水期、洪水后的卫星遥感影像资料统计了洪水前后的主流摆幅和裁弯比,并结合巴彦高勒、三湖河口和头道拐的实测水流泥沙资料以及大断面资料分析了河道冲淤特征和典型断面变化特征。分析结果表明:河道主流摆幅具有逐渐增大趋势,至过渡段之后减小;与近期平均摆幅相比,游荡段和弯曲段明显减小,过渡段有所增加;游荡段最大摆幅为1240m,洪水过后仍有多处心滩发育,游荡特性未改变;过渡段和弯曲段河道发生5处裁弯,平均裁弯比为37%;大洪水作用下内蒙古河道具有上冲下淤的特点,接近冲淤平衡,河道断面主槽普遍冲刷下降。In order to study the river regime change in the Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River during the large flood in 2012, satellite images before, in and after the flood are used to extract mainstream swing scope and channel cut-off ratios. Combined with field data of flouT, sediment and great cross section at Bayangaole, Sanhuhekou and Toudaoguai, the scouring and silting characteristics of the river and typical crosses are analyzed. The results shout that main channel swing has an increasing trend towaMs the river direction and decreasing in the transiting section. Main channel swing at wandering and meandering sections is obviously less than that in recent years, while it is the opposite at transiting section. The wandering section is characterized by a maximum of the main channel swing of 1240 m and a tew developing rive islands, which indicates that the section is still wandering. Channel cut-off occurs in five sites in the transiting section and meandering section, with average cut-off ratio of 37%. The Inner Mongolia section is teatured by upper scoured and lower deposited and close to equilibrium during the great flood. Additionally, the main channels are all scoured and down.

关 键 词：黄河 内蒙古河段 河势演变 大洪水 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]