铅污染场地的人类健康风险评价本地化模型研究  

Research on Adult Blood Lead Risk Assessment Model and Model Localization

作　　者：张园[1] 刘寒[2] 单标 史绮[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期443-448,共6页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家863计划课题污染土壤及场地修复评估及综合集成与管理体系(2013AA06A211);江苏省高校自然科学基金(13KJB610014);苏州科技学院科研基金(XKQ201202)

摘　　要：铅污染问题已成为我国日趋严重的环境问题,因此,我国急需开展环境铅暴露和成人(孕妇)以及儿童血铅含量相互关系研究,制定基于血铅指标的污染土壤风险评估方法导则。本文简单介绍了铅污染的现状、来源、危害以及暴露途径等研究背景,汇总并比较了国外应用较多的Leggett、Bert等几种成人血铅风险评价模型。并重点采用成人血铅模型ALM(Adult Lead Methodology),针对暴露于商业、工业用地铅污染土壤孕妇体内胎儿的血铅浓度进行风险评价,对模型中的关键参数进行敏感性分析,并针对我国本土居民的饮食习惯和暴露途径对ALM中一些关键参数进行修改,将修改后的关键参数代入方程中,对方程进行修正,使该模型适用于我国成人血铅浓度风险评价。Lead pollution has gradually became a serious environmental problem in China. So research on the correlation between blood lead level of adults （pregnant） ＆ children and exposure to lead in environment are needed to be conducted to develop risk assessment methodology guideline for contaminated soil based on blood lead indicators. In this study, the backgrounds of lead pollution, such as the status, sources, hazards and exposure pathway have been described briefly. Moreover, several types of adult blood lead risk assessment methodology, including Leggett, Bert were summarized and compared. Then, the study focused on ALM（Adult Lead Methodology） model which was adopted to assess the risk against blood lead concentration of fetuses in pregnant women caused by exposure to lead contaminated oil in the commercial and industrial areas. Finally, through analyzing key sensitive parameters in the model, modifying the model parameters based on our local residents＇ eating habits and exposure pathways, then substituting modified parameters into the equation to localize the model. Therefore, the modified ALM model could be applied to the risk assessment of adult blood lead concentration in China.

关 键 词：铅污染 成人血铅 ALM模型 风险评价 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]