北京325m气象塔塔体对测风影响的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Effect of 325-m Meteorological Tower on Wind Speed Measurements in Beijing

作　　者：程雪玲[1] 胡非[1] 曾庆存[1] 李爱国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《气象科技》2014年第4期545-549,569,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2008BAC37B02);国家自然科学基金(40875008);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951804)资助

摘　　要：安装在气象观测塔上的仪器进行风速测量时,气象塔塔体本身会对流场有一定的影响,使其附近局部流场发生变化,产生绕流和尾流,导致所测风场数据相对于真实风场值失真,利用计算流体力学软件Fluent对北京325m框架式气象塔周围的风场进行了模拟,给出流向风速在该塔伸臂上测风位置的失真情况,及风速失真大小随风向风速的变化规律,计算表明若伸臂处于迎风面,在测风点上的风速误差均小于5%,与实际观测一致,验证了北京325m气象塔风速伸臂设计的合理性。When using equipment mounted on a meteorological tower to measure wind speeds, the body of the tower will affect and modify the local flow field, produce turbulence around it and wake behind, leading to the measurement flow distortion relative to the true wind flow. A widely applicable CFD software （Fluent） is used to simulate the flow around the Beijing 325 m lattice-type meteorological tower, calculate the upstream and downstream flow distortions at the measurement points of the booms, and get the relationship between the distortions and wind directions and wind speeds. The results show that the errors of wind speeds at measurement points are all less than 5 ~ when the booms located on the windward side. This is consistent with the observation and verifies the reliability of the design of the booms of the 325 m meteorological tower.

关 键 词：风速测量 气象塔 数值模拟 尾流 亏损速度 

分 类 号：P414[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]