事故树分析法评价化学有害因素皮肤接触伤害应用研究  

Applied research on fault tree analysis method in evaluation for skin exposure injury induced by chemical hazardous factors

作　　者：黄翔[1] 段平宁[1] 黄吉[1] 李明[1] 许晓丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2014年第4期432-435,440,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅自筹经费科研课题(Z2012151)

摘　　要：目的探讨事故树分析法(FTA)在化学有害因素皮肤接触伤害评价中的应用。方法以某企业制酸项目吸收工段硫酸灼伤作为顶事件,建立事故树图并对原因进行分析评价。结果硫酸灼伤事故的发生存在45种可能途径及3种预防方法,事故成立的最小割集为{d,x3,x10},发生概率为8.83×10-3次/年。沾染硫酸达到灼伤程度是事故发生最重要的影响因素。结论 FTA法可作为现有评价方法的有益补充,该方法还需在今后实践中进行不断的尝试和改进。Objective To explore the application effect of fault tree analysis （FTA） method in the evaluation for skin ex- posure injury induced by the contact of chemical hazardous factors. Methods The incident of sulfuric acid burns during an absorption step of acid making process in an enterprise was selected as the top event to set up the fault tree diagram. FTA method was used to analyze and evaluate the causes. Results There would he 45 possible ways and 3 kinds of pre- vention methods in a sulfuric acid burn accident, the minimum cut set for establishing accident was （d, x3, x10 ） , the probability of occurrence was 8. 83 ×10^-3 times per year. The degree of burns contaminated with sulfuric acid was the most important factor affecting the accident. Conclusion FTA method can be used as a supplement to the existing evaluation method, but it also needs to be constantly explored and improved in the future practice.

关 键 词：化学有害因素 事故树分析法 皮肤接触 伤害 评价 

分 类 号：R136.3[医药卫生—劳动卫生]