长链非编码RNA与表观遗传调控  

Long Noncoding RNA and Epigenetic Regulation

作　　者：陈宇宁[1,2,3] 熊兴东[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院衰老研究所,东莞523808 [2]广东医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,湛江524023 [3]广东省医学分子诊断重点实验室,东莞523808

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2014年第8期723-730,共8页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81000143;81370456);广东省自然科学基金(S2012010008219);广东省高等学校人才引进专项资金(2050205)资助项目~~

摘　　要：近年来,表观遗传学(epigenetics)备受关注.表观遗传调控的方式主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑等.ENCODE计划及随后的研究发现,人类基因组中仅有很小一部分DNA序列负责编码蛋白质,而其余大部分被转录为非编码RNA(non-codingRNA,ncRNA).其中长链非编码RNA(long non-codingRNA,lncRNA)是一类长度大于200nt并且缺乏蛋白质编码能力的RNA分子.越来越多的研究表明,lncRNAs能够通过表观遗传调控、转录调控以及转录后调控等多个层面调节基因的表达,从而参与细胞增殖、分化和凋亡等多种生物学过程.本文将着重综述lncRNAs在表观遗传调控中的作用及其最新的研究进展.There is a growing interest for epigenetics in recent years. The main patterns of epigenetic regulation include DNA methylafion, histone modification and chromatin remodeling, etc. The outcome of ENCODE project and subsequent studies have revealed that only a small portion of human genome encodes proteins, while the vast majority are transcribed as non-coding RNA （ncRNA）. Long non-coding RNA （lncRNA） is commonly defined as an RNA molecule which is larger than 200 nucleotides （nt） and not translated into proteins. Growing evidences have suggested that IncRNAs can regulate gene expression at various levels including epigenetie regulation, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation, and are involved in a wide variety of biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In this review, we highlight the recent advances of how lncRNAs function in the epigenetic regulation.

关 键 词：lncRNA 表观遗传调控 DNA甲基化 组蛋白修饰 染色质重塑 

分 类 号：Q341[生物学—遗传学] Q752