2013年两个路径相似台风不同暴雨落区的诊断分析  

Analysis of Different Synoptic Patterns of Rainstorms Associated Tow Landfall Tropical Cyclones with Similar Track

作　　者：刘爱鸣[1] 林小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省气象台,福州350001

出　　处：《福建气象》2014年第1期1-5,共5页

基　　金：2013年中国气象局预报员专项资助

摘　　要：以2013年两个路径相似但大暴雨分布有较大差别的台风“苏力”和“潭美”为研究对象，利用常规资料，从环流特征和动力、水汽等方面对暴雨落区进行诊断，讨论了它们的降水条件差异。结果表明：在台风登陆过程中，南亚高压和副热带高压相对与台风的位置，有可能影响到台风涡旋中心随高度变化和低空急流分布，从而对台风暴雨分布产生重要影响。在“苏力”台风暴雨过程中，受南亚高压东南侧东北气流影响，“苏力”涡旋中心随高度南倾和弱冷空气侵入台风环流西南侧，对台风环流南侧暴雨增幅起到了重要作用。“潭美”台风暴雨过程中，副高南侧的东风急流和地形抬升对“潭美”台风东北侧暴雨的增幅作用十分显著。涡度平流和温度平流随高度变化对台风暴雨落区预报有指示啬哎。Typhoon Soulik （1307）and Trami （1312）, both landed Fujian province, with similar track, but made different torrential rainfall distribution. Some factors of precipitation conditions are diagnosed on circulation patterns, dynamics and vapor condition using conventional datum. The analysis indicates that the relative positions of the South Asia High and the Subtropical High to the respective typhoon center are likely to tilt the vertical structure of typhoon vortex and affect the position of low level jet stream in typhoon landfall process, which impact on the torrential rainfall distribution greatly. The northeastern flow in southeast of South Asia High makes Soulik＇s vortex vertical structure tilt to south, meanwhile bring the weak cold air invasion to typhoon circulation from southwest, which intensify the precipitation severely in south of typhoon Soulik circulation. The east jet stream in the south of Subtropical High and the topographic forcing have the significant effect on the precipitation intensification in northeast of typhoon Trami. The changes of vortieity advection and temperature advection with height have valuable instruction for typhoon torrential rain forecast.

关 键 词：路径相似 暴雨落区 南亚高压 结构南倾 东风急流 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]