嫩江流域齐齐哈尔段野生淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染现状  

Prevalence of Metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Wild Freshwater Fishes from Nenjiang River around Qiqihaer City

作　　者：刘继鑫[1] 孙艳宏[1] 张浩[1] 李朝品[2] 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔医学院临床病原生物学教研室,齐齐哈尔161006 [2]皖南医学院寄生虫教研室,芜湖241002

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2014年第4期292-294,共3页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(No.12521628)~~

摘　　要：于2013年5～11月从嫩江流域齐齐哈尔段的绰尔河、雅鲁河、乌裕尔河、阿伦河和音河采集野生淡水鱼,直接压片法检查华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况,人工消化法获取囊蚴。40只雌性昆明小鼠感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴（30～40个/鼠）,36d后解剖小鼠,收集肝胆管内的虫体,醋酸洋红染色后,镜下观察。共采集到9种1175尾野生淡水鱼,华支睾吸虫囊蚴总感染率为51.2%（602/1 175）。除鲶鱼外,其他鱼种均有不同程度感染,其中蛇鮈感染率最高,为82.7%（91/149）;葛氏鲈塘鳢的感染率最低,为7.1%（6/84）。不同鱼种间感染率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。乌裕尔河段野生淡水鱼感染率最高,为65.7%（218/332）;阿伦河段和音河段感染率最低,均为24.1%（67/278）（P〈0.05）。鲫鱼和麦穗鱼全身各部位（除脑外）均易感,蛇鮈的感染部位主要在鱼鳞,在拉氏鱥的脑组织内首次发现囊蚴感染。感染小鼠实验结果显示,小鼠肝胆管内发现华支睾吸虫成虫,感染率为85.0%（34/40）。镜下清晰可见华支睾吸虫吸盘、消化系统和生殖系统等结构。From May to November 2013, a total of 1 175 wild freshwater fishes were collected from the rivers of Chuoer, Yalu, Wuyuer, Alun, and Yin in Nenjiang River basin Qiqihaer City, and examined for metacercariae by direct compression method. The metacercariae were collected by artificial digestion method. Forty Kunming mice were infected with 30-40 metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis. The mice were sacrificed 36 days after infection, and the adult worms were collected from bile duct, and observed under microscope. The results showed that a total of 1 175 fishes, belonging to nine species were taken from the Nenjiang basin of Qiqihaer region. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae was 51.2%（602/1 175）. All the species were infected besides Silurus asotus, and the highest prevalence（82.7%,91/149） was found in Longnose gudgeon and the lowest（7.1%, 6/84） in Perccottus glenii. Among the rivers, the highest prevalence of metacercariae was in Wuyuer River（65.7%, 218/332）, and the lowest was in Alun River and Yin River（24.1%, 67/278）（P〈0.05）. Each part of the body in the Carassius auratus and Pseudorasbora parva were susceptible for metacercariae. The main infection site in Longnose gudgeon was the fish scales, and C. sinensis metacercaria was first discovered in the brain tissue of Phoxinus lagowskii. The experimental results showed that the adult worms of C. sinensis were found in the hepatic bile duct of the mice, with an infection rate of 85.0%（34/40）. The suckers, digestive system and reproductive system of C. sinensis were visible clearly.

关 键 词：嫩江流域 淡水鱼 华支睾吸虫 囊蚴 感染 

分 类 号：R383.22[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]