多种能源矿产同盆共存富集成矿(藏)体系与协同勘探——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例  

Accumulation System of Cohabitating Multi-Energy Minerals and Their Comprehensive Exploration In Sedimentary Basin ———A Case Study of Ordos Basin,NW China

作　　者：王毅[1] 杨伟利[1] 邓军[2] 吴柏林[3] 李子颖[4] 王明镇[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]西北大学地质系,西安710069 [4]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 [5]山东科技大学,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《地质学报》2014年第5期815-824,共10页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大专项(编号2011ZX05005-04);国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(编号2003CB214608)资助成果

摘　　要：以鄂尔多斯盆地为例,在盆地构造演化、各种能源矿产的时空分布以及相互联系等方面分析的基础上,探讨了盆地演化进程中多种能源矿产同盆共存富集的成藏(矿)体系及其分布规律,试图建立多种能源矿产协同勘探模式。研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地砂岩型铀矿的形成与油、气、煤具有成生关系,典型矿床为东胜铀矿床。可以把同盆共存富集的各种能源矿产概括为无机矿产(铀矿)和有机矿产(油、天然气、煤及煤层气)两类,在整个盆地演化过程中,共存系统中有机和无机矿产的形成过程相互关联,就位空间按照一定的规律分布,通常流体有机矿产分布于盆地内部,无机矿产则分布于盆地边缘或盆-山转换部位,但它们同属一个盆地的自然成矿(藏)系统。对于鄂尔多斯盆地,晚侏罗世—早白垩世的构造作用和后期改造,对多种能源矿产的共存成矿(藏)体系的形成及定位产生了重要影响。主要成藏(矿)演化过程可划分为成矿(藏)准备、主要成矿(藏)和后期保存等三个演化阶段。根据盆地油、气、煤、铀多种能源矿产的配置组合特征,将鄂尔多斯盆地划分为七个协同勘探区,可以分别采用不同的协同综合勘探方式。Multi-energy minerals,mainly refers to energy deposits such as petroleum,natural gas,coal and sandstone-type uranium ore hosted in sedimentary basins.It is concluded that not only do the various energy deposits cohabitate in the same basin,but also have some regularity with temporal and spatial distribution.The minerals formed in the same basin are an organic part of natural minerogenic（reservoir forming）system,which were accumulated during the whole evolution and reconstruction of basin.Primary mineralization process can be summarized as two：one is geochemical process,oxidized inorganic fluid including uranium and reducing hydrocarbon fluid formed redox barrier and uranium deposited in interface of the oxidation-reduction by chemical reaction;Second,the physical migration processes of organic fluid,which migrate to the high part of the basin and accumulated,formed oil and gas reservoirs or coal bed methane reservoirs.The formation process,which organic and inorganic mineral interrelating each other in the cohabitation system distributing in the space according to certain rules,occurred with the basin evolution.There are some links among these mineral deposits,which the characteristics of one kind of mineral deposits can imply other energy mineral information.It will be possible for the exploration of them in one basin to reach unified planning,information sharing and cooperative exploration.Ordos basin, as an example,the second largest sedimentary basin located in the central part of China,undergoing the structural evolution from rift to depression,became the westward decline structure in later Cretaceous where a large amount of various energy resources have been found.Studies have shown that Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous tectonic evolution and the reformation from then on had a significant impact for the formation and location of multi-energy minerals in the Basin.Integrated the key elements of the various energy deposits forming,the evolution of Multi-energy minerals forming can be divided into three ph

关 键 词：能源矿产 成矿体系 共存富集 鄂尔多斯盆地 协同勘探 

分 类 号：P618[天文地球—矿床学]