长距离输水工程停泵水锤的空气罐与气阀防护比较研究  

Research on the Comparison of Air Vessel and Air Valve on Pump-stopping Water Hammer Protection of Long-distance Pipeline

作　　者：黄玉毅 李建刚 符向前[2] 蒋劲[2] 兰刚[2] 范征[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省酒泉市水利水电勘测设计院,甘肃酒泉73500 [2]武汉大学动力与机械学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2014年第8期186-188,192,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基于Steger-Warming FVS的长管道气液两相瞬变流计算及其水锤的气阀防护研究资助项目(51279145)

摘　　要：针对寒冷地区长距离输水管道户外设置水锤防护措施困难的特点,提出了空气罐方法的水锤防护措施,阐述了空气罐的工作原理,推导了空气罐和空气阀的边界条件的数学模型,并结合北方某工程实例,应用特征线法对采用空气阀和空气罐两种不同措施的防护效果进行数值模拟和比较分析,并且计算出管道出现汽化时气体体积变化。结果表明空气罐能有效消除空化体积抑制事故停泵后管道内剧烈的压力波动,是一种有效的水锤防护措施。For long-distance water pipelines in cold regions, setting water hammer protection outdoor is very difficult. In order to pro- tect these pipelines, we propose the method of air vessel as water hammer protection , describe the operating principle and the math- ematical model of air valve and air vessel, as well as their boundary conditions. Combined with a specific case, the protection effect of the two different measures are compared through numerical simulation with the characteristic line method. The change of cavitati- on volume is calculated when vaporization appears. The results show that the air vessel can effectively suppress the pressure fluctua- tions of pumping accidents, it is an effective measure to prevent water hammers.

关 键 词：事故停泵 水锤防护 空气阀 空气罐 特征线法 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]