基于LOP模型的事故隐患分类分级研究  

Study on classification and ranking of APs based on LOP model

作　　者：许铭[1,2] 吴宗之[3] 罗云[1,2] 程五一[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)国土资源部深部地质钻探技术重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国安全生产科学研究院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2014年第7期15-20,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK13B00);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2652012040);国家安全生产监督管理总局"石油天然气管道重大事故机理研究"项目;国土资源部深部地质钻探技术重点实验室开放式基金资助(NLSD201208)

摘　　要：为构建科学有效的事故隐患(AP)排查治理长效机制,基于防护层(LOP)模型,建立统一的、便于执行和管理的事故隐患分类分级框架。讨论分析事故隐患及危险源的几种定义,将事故隐患分为设计建造、基本过程控制、超限报警、安全控制、主动防护、被动防护和应急等新7大类,并定为严重、中等、一般等新3级。提出设置事故隐患排查治理指标,建立事故隐患分类分级标准备案机制。结果表明,事故隐患是事故的必要但不充分条件,是LOP安全防护功能下降或失效的充要条件,所建立的事故隐患分类分级框架是促进事故隐患排查治理工作的基础。For the sake of building a scientific and effective long-term mechanism of screening and disposition of APs, a LOP model-based unified framework was established for classification and ranking of APs, which is conducive to performing and manageraent. Several existing definitions of APs and hazards were discussed and analyzed. APs were classified into 7 types： design and construction, basic process control, transfinite alarm, safety control, active protection, passive protection and emergency. APs were classified into 3 levels： serious, medium, and common. Both indicators of screening and disposition of APs and a records system of standards in classification aad ranking of APs were taken as a must for building the mechanism. The results show that APs are a necessary are put forward, but unsufficient condition for accidents that APs are a necessary and sufficient condition for decline or even complete failure in safety protection function of LOP, and that established framework is a basis for promoting screening and disposition of APs.

关 键 词：事故隐患(AP) 防护层(LOP) 安全管理 危险源 危险有害因素 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学]