长脉冲燃爆压裂复合燃速火药配方优化与应用  

The Optimization and Applicationof Composite Burning Rate Gunpowder Formula of Long Pulse Explosive Fracturing

作　　者：任杨[1] 吴飞鹏[1] 蒲春生[1] 何延龙[1] 董巧玲[1] 黄小梅 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,青岛266580

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2014年第24期68-73,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51104173);国家自然科学基金(51274229)资助;国家科技重大专项大型油气田及煤层气开发(20011ZX05009-004)

摘　　要：针对常规燃爆压裂火药类型单一、燃速偏快、难以形成峰值压力与持压时间的优势平衡,致使改造规模有限的问题,深入考察成熟火箭推进剂配方,借助密闭爆发器、燃速仪等实验设备,筛选优化了高、低两级燃速火药配方体系。测试了各自燃烧性能、安全性能。实验结果表明,实验条件下,高、低燃速火药燃爆加载速率分别为13.38 MPa/ms、2.38 MPa/ms,燃爆时间分别为11.7 ms和51.8 ms,将一定质量两种火药复合串联,利用高燃速火药爆燃轻易制裂地层,随后低燃速火药长时间持续低速燃烧,最大限度增大破裂规模和裂缝长度。经现场应用表明,该复合型火药体系燃爆压裂过程安全可控,能有效改善地层应力状态,降低井底破裂压力,提高单井产量,为燃爆压裂技术在深层、超高压地层的应用提供有利支撑。For the issues of the conventional explosive fracturing gunpowder＇ s single burning rateand faster burning speed,difficult to form a advantage balance between peak pressure and holding pressure time,and limited transformation scale,in-depth investigatedthe mature propellant formulations,by means of experimental equipment as confined explosive devices,burning rate tester et al,the high and low burning speed gunpowder formulas,tested each combustion performance and safety performance are screened and optimized.The results show that in the experimental conditions,the blasting loading rate of high and low burning rate powder is 13.38 MPa/ms and 2.38 MPa/ms,the blasting time is 11.7 ms and 51.8 ms.Combine a certain quality of the two gunpowder to carry out the explosive fracturing which can utilize the high burning rate gunpowder to fracture the formation,then make use of the low burning rate gunpowder＇ s low explosive loading rate increasing the burst size and crack length as best as it can.The application result shows that the composite powder system is safe and can be controlled in the explosive fracturing process,which can effectively improve the formation stress state,reduce the bottomhole fracture pressure,improve well production,and provide favorable support for the explosive fracturing technology application in deep and high pressure formation.

关 键 词：燃爆压裂 多级燃速 火药配方 脉冲压力 

分 类 号：TJ453[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]