取向碳纳米管纤维及其能源应用  

Aligned Carbon Nanotube Fiber for Energy Conversion and Storage

作　　者：尤晓[1] 孙雪梅[1] 彭慧胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室复旦大学高分子科学系先进材料实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2014年第8期449-457,491,共10页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21225417);上海市科委(12nm0503200等)

摘　　要：碳纳米管具有独特的一维纳米结构,优异的力学、电学和热学性能,但在实际应用中,由于碳纳米管无规分散且容易团聚,其优异的性能很难在材料宏观层面上充分体现出来。为了促进碳纳米管的实际应用,将碳纳米管的物理性能从纳米尺度拓展到宏观水平变得越来越迫切。近年来,人们通过湿法纺丝和干法纺丝等过程对碳纳米管取向排列,从而制备了具有高拉伸强度和高电导率的纤维,可广泛应用于线状太阳能电池和超级电容器等光电转换和储能器件,极大地推动了能源材料和器件的发展。综述了取向碳纳米管纤维的合成方法、结构和性能,重点介绍其作为电极材料在线状染料敏化太阳能电池和超级电容器等能源领域的应用,最后展望了取向碳纳米管纤维的未来发展方向。Carbon nanotubes （CNTs） have been widely studied due to its characteristic one-dimensional structure, remarkable mechanical, electronic and thermal properties. However, it remains challenging to extend them to a macroscopic scale due to the aggregation and random dispersion during preparation. Recently, CNTs are highly aligned through wet and dry spinning process to continuously produce CNT fibers that maintain the excellent properties of individual CNTs, and these aligned CNT fibers have been extensively used for wire-shaped solar cells, supercapacitors and other energy devices. This article reviews the preparation, structure, property and application of the aligned CNT fibers in recent years with an emphasis on the use in energy, as well as their future direction.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 取向 线状太阳能电池 线状超级电容器 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]