人参病原菌拮抗放线菌的分离筛选与鉴定  

Isolation,Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Actinomycetes of Panax ginseng Pathogenic Fungus

作　　者：史册[1,2] 韩梅[1,2] 张一鸣[1,2] 郭双双[1,2] 杨利民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院 [2]吉林农业大学省部共建生态恢复与生态系统管理国家重点实验室,长春130118

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2014年第9期102-108,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI03B01-02);国家自然科学基金项目(31270371);吉林省科技发展计划重点项目(20125068)

摘　　要：采用平板对峙法、生长速率测定法等对人参根际分离得到的4株放线菌的抑菌活性进行了研究,并通过形态学特征观察、生理生化测定和16S rDNA序列分析进行分类鉴定。结果表明,4株放线菌对人参常见病病原真菌的抑菌效果明显。其中,FX-10对毁灭柱孢菌、灰葡萄孢菌和FX-61对人参核盘菌的抑制率分别达到91.28%、91.8%和90.07%。FX-10、FX-61、FX-137对人参的5种病原菌和FX-139对人参的7种病原菌有抑制作用,并且抑菌效果稳定。通过形态、生理生化和分子生物学鉴定,FX-139为酒红土褐链霉菌(Streptomyces vinaceus-drappus),FX-10为黑浅灰链霉菌(Streptomyces nigrogriseolus),FX-137为酒红链霉菌(Streptomyces vinaceus),FX-61为链霉属的灰褐类群。The antimicrobial activity of four actinomycetes isolated from ginseng rhizosphere was studied with plate-confrontation method and growth rate method. The four strains were identified through their morphological features, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA sequence alignment analysis. The result showed that the four actinomycetes strains could inhibit Panax ginseng pathogenic fungus obviously. In the antagonistic examination in vitro, the inhibition rate of FX-10 against Cylindrocarpon destructans, Botrytis cinerea and the inhibition rate of FX-61 against Sclerotinia ginseng were 91.28%、91.8%、90.07%, respectively. FX-10、FX-61、FX-137 could inhibit 5 kinds of ginseng pathogenic fungus, while FX-139 could inhibit 7 kinds of ginseng pathogenic fungus. The inhibition activity of both was stable. Based on the identifications of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular biology, FX-139 was ascertained as Streptomyces vinaceus-drappus, FX-10 as Streptomyces nigrogriseolus, FX-137 as Streptomyces vinaceus and FX-61 as griseofuscus group of streptomces.

关 键 词：人参病原真菌 放线菌 拮抗作用 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.673[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]