从教学角度观察话语标记语在语篇中的使用——以话语标记语“看来”、“看起来”为例  

Use of Discourse Markers in Texts Based from the Perspective of Teaching——A Case Study of Kanlai and Kanqilai

作　　者：孙雁雁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学人文学院,北京100876

出　　处：《北京邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第4期101-106,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD740003);北京邮电大学社会科学基金项目(2012BS05)

摘　　要：文章借助北京大学CCL语料库以及自建的当代文学作品小型语料库,将"看来"、"看起来"在语篇中的分布根据形式特征进行归纳,"看起来"分为"---,看起来+小句,---"、"---,Np+看起来+Np’,---"、"---Np+看起来+Vp,---"三类。"看来"首先分为"独立使用"、"进入固定结构"、"未入固定结构"三类,然后再细分出六小类。文章封闭统计了自建语料库中"看来"、"看起来"的出现频率,从认知语言学的隐喻及语法化角度解释了两者在语篇中出现频率严重失衡的原因,并从形式上将两者在语篇中能否互换的条件及特征进行了细化。The discourse distribution of kanlai and kanqilai is summarized according to the form characteristics with the help of CCL corpus and a serf-built small corpus of contemporary literary works. Kanqilai includes three categories ： ＂-, kanqilai ＋ clause, -＂, ＂ -, Np ＋ kanqilai ＋ Np, -＂ and ＂ -, Np ＋ kanqilai ＋ Vp, -＂ Kanlai includes three categories： ＂stand-alone＂, ＂in fixed structure＂ and ＂not in fixed structure＂, and then is subdivided into six categories. The closed statistics of appearing frequency of kanlai and kanqilai is obtained, the imbalance of these two phrases appearing in discourse is explained from the perspective of metaphor and grammaticalization of cognitive linguistics, and the conditions and features of whether they are interchangeable in discourse is refined.

关 键 词：话语标记 看来 看起来 隐喻 语法化 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学] H195