北京市大兴区成年居民主要慢性病患病及相关危险因素调查  

Investigation on prevalence of the major chronic diseases and its related risk factors among adult residents in Daxing district of Beijing city

作　　者：张月华[1,2] 戴慧琴[3] 武晶晶[1] 刘峥[1] 张玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京100069 [2]北京市东城区食品药品监督管理局 [3]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2014年第4期423-428,共6页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81373076);北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(SQKM201210025010);北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PXM2011_014226_07_000028)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市大兴区成年居民主要慢性病及其相关危险因素的流行状况和变化趋势,为制定慢性病及相关危险因素干预措施和干预效果的评价提供科学依据。方法采用等比例分阶段随机抽样方法,分别于2008年、2011年对大兴区18~79岁的常住居民进行调查,2008年调查724人,2011年调查864人。结果 2008年大兴区成年居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、代谢综合征、超重、肥胖标化患病率分别为26.5%、3.7%、29.7%、17.9%、26.9%、18.5%,吸烟与饮酒标化率分别为19.5%、25.5%;2011年高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、代谢综合征、超重、肥胖标化患病率分别为23.3%、3.9%、42.9%、29.8%、35.9%、21.7%,吸烟与饮酒标化率分别为26.9%、32.5%;与2008年相比,2011年血脂异常、代谢综合征、超重患病率及吸烟率均呈上升趋势（χ2值分别为15.0、19.9、5.2、4.8,P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,高血压患病率有下降趋势（χ2=11.2,P〈0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别、文化程度、年龄、吸烟、中心性肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、代谢综合征、超重肥胖是2008年、2011年慢性病共同的危险因素。结论大兴区成年居民主要慢性病患病率及危险因素水平处于全国较高水平。血脂异常、代谢综合征、超重、肥胖、吸烟应是重点防治的慢性病和行为危险因素。Objective To understand the epidemiological situation and trend of the major chronic diseases and its related risk factors among adult residents in Daxing district of Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for evaluation of intervention measures and effects of chronic diseases in this area. Methods The adults aged 18-79 years were randomly selected with stratified multistage sampling method from Daxing district,724 residents in 2008 and 864 residents in 2011 were investigated. Results In 2008,the standardized morbidities of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,overweight and obesity were26.5%,3.7%,29.7%,17.9%,26.9% and 18.5%,respectively; the standardized rates of smoking and drinking were 19.5% and25.5%. In 2011,the standardized morbidities of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,overweight and obesity were 23.3%,3.9%,42.9%,29.8%,35.9% and 21.7%,respectively; the standardized rates of smoking and drinking were26.9%,32.5%. As compared with 2008,the standardized morbidities of dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome or overweight and the standardized rates of smoking in 2011 significantly enhanced（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,the standardized morbidity of hypertension significantly decreased（P〈0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,education level,age,smoking,central obesity,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dislipidemia,metabolic syndrome,overweight and obesity were the common risk factors for major chronic diseases in 2008 and 2011. Conclusion The standardized morbidities and risk factor levels of major chronic diseases in adult residents in Daxing district are higher than the average levels in China. Dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,overweight,obesity,smoking should be important risk factors for the prevention and control of major chronic diseases.

关 键 词：慢性病 患病率 危险因素 血脂异常 代谢综合症 超重 肥胖 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]