高＋Gz暴露对飞行员唾液α淀粉酶浓度的影响  

Effects of high ＋ Gz exposure on saliva α-amylase of fighter pilots

作　　者：薛红[1] 薛霞[2] 李卫东[1] 徐成轩[1] 刘轶然[1] 王旭芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所载人离心机医学训练基地检验科,北京100089 [2]空军航空医学研究所载人离心机医学训练基地空勤科,北京100089

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2014年第2期87-90,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 通过研究高正加速度（＋Gz）应激与飞行员唾液α淀粉酶（Salivary α-amylase,SAA）之间的关系,探讨SAA作为＋G2应激身体机能评价手段的可行性. 方法 47例高性能战斗机飞行员着HP抗荷服在载人离心机上进行训练,分别在＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz和＋8.0Gz暴露前、后取其唾液,采用酶动态比色法检测SAA水平. 结果 ①SAA、唾液皮质醇在不同＋Gz作用后的变化有统计学差异（F＝17.712、3.427,P＜0.01或0.05）;多重比较的结果显示＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz、＋8.0Gz暴露前与暴露后SAA差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,3种不同＋Gz暴露后较暴露前SAA均有明显升高（t＝5.256～5.449,P＜0.01）;＋7.0 Gz、＋8.0Gz暴露后的皮质醇浓度高于基础值（P＜0.05或0.01）,＋8.0Gz暴露后较＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz、＋8.0Gz前唾液皮质醇浓度显著升高（P＜0.05）.②机种、年龄、飞行总时间对不同＋Gx暴露后飞行员SAA及唾液皮质醇浓度变化无影响.③飞行员唾液皮质醇浓度与年龄、飞行机种呈负相关（r＝-0.328、-0.694,P＜0.05）,与飞行总时间、＋Gz值呈正相关（r＝0.466、0.141,P＜0.05）,飞行员SAA与＋Gz值呈正相关（r＝ 0.354,P＜0.01）.④不同＋Gz暴露前后唾液皮质醇与SAA之间无显著相关性. 结论 SAA可随＋Gz应激快速灵敏地升高,并迅速恢复至基础值,可作为＋Gz应激的有效评价指标.Objective To investigate the influence of ＋Gz acceleration on saliva a-amylase （SAA） of pilots,so as to assess the feasibility of taking SAA as an indicator of ＋Gz stress on pilots.Methods Saliva was collected from 47 pilots before and after ＋ 6.5 Gz,＋ 7.0 Gz and ＋ 8.0 Gz centrifuge exposures.The SAA was measured by a-amylase kit （dynamic monitoring method） and chemiluminescnet immunoassay.Results ①The SAA and cortisol levels significantly changed by different ＋Gz exposures （F＝ 17.712,3.427,P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）.Compared with that before exposures,the SAA levels measured after ＋6.5 Gz,＋ 7.0 Gz and ＋8.0 Gz exposures were significantly higher （P＜0.01）.The cortisol levels after ＋7.0 Gz and ＋8.0 Gz exposures were significantly higher than the baseline （P＜0.05 or 0.01）.The cortisol level obtained after ＋8.0 Gz exposure was significantly higher than that before ＋ 6.5 Gz,＋ 7.0 Gz and ＋ 8.0 Gz centrifuge exposures （P＜0.05）.②Multivariate analysis showed that the aircraft type,pilot＇s age and flying hours had no influence on SAA and cortisol levels obtained after ＋Gz exposures.③ Pilots＇ cortisol levels were negatively correlated to the age and aircraft type of （r＝-0.328,-0.694,P＜0.05） but positively correlated to flying hours and ＋Gz level （r＝0.466,0.141,P＜0.05）.SAA was positively correlated to ＋Gz level （r＝0.354,P＜0.01）.④The levels of cortisol and SAA had less correlation either before or after ＋Gz exposure.Conclusions SAA elevates sensitivity with ＋Gz stress increase and quickly returns to baseline.So we can conclude that SAA could be a valid indicator of ＋Gz stress.

关 键 词：加速度 应激 唾液 Α淀粉酶 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]