慢性病毒性肝炎患者对血液污染利器的认知情况调查  

Investigation on the acknowledge for blood-contaminated sharps of the patients with chronic viral hepatitis

作　　者：张俊霞[1] 魏阳[1] 闫杰[1] 谢雯[1] 王雪梅[1] 赵晓卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院内三科,北京100015

出　　处：《中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版）》2014年第4期82-84,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的了解慢性病毒性肝炎患者对血液污染利器认知的情况,以制定相应策略和措施进行预防、阻断医源性利器对人群造成的意外伤害。方法采用现况调查的方法对首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院肝病中心50例慢性病毒性肝炎患者进行问卷式调查,获取资料进行处理分析。结果应用利器的原因中糖尿病测血糖,糖尿病注射胰岛素,注射干扰素以及前两者同时存在者分别占2%、14%、76%和8%。所用利器的处理方式中随手扔掉,盖回针帽再扔,放入自制的利器盒和带回医院的分别占22%、64%、10%和4%。受访者对医用血液污染利器危害的严重程度评分,由重到轻依次为扎伤自己、扎伤他人、传染他人和传染自己。受访者认为血液污染利器可以传播的疾病主要是乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病,认知率均达90%,普遍认为高血压病、癌症是不会通过该途径传播的。受访者认为正确的处理血液污染利器的方式中,直接扔到医用垃圾箱(袋),盖回针帽再扔到医用垃圾箱(袋),放入特制的利器盒及不知如何处理的比例分别是2%、20%、62%和16%。愿意使用免费提供的利器盒者为98%。结论慢性病毒性肝炎患者对于血液污染已用利器处理知识的掌握整体比较全面,但是也存在一定问题,譬如对血液传播疾病的种类,对医用血液污染利器的处理方式等还有待进一步宣传教育。Objective To investigate on the acknowledge of patients with chronic viral hepatitis on blood-contaminated sharps （using BCS for abbreviation below） and make relevantly effective and efficient strategies and therapies to prevent blood-communicable diseases. Method Total of 50 interviewees, inpatients of the Liver Center of Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected to take part in this inventory answered the same questionnaire. The data were analyzed by certain softwares. Results The reason of the application tool to measure blood sugar diabetes, diabetes insulin injections, injections of interferon and think existed before both were accounted for 2%, 14%, 76% and 8%. The weapon used in the treatment of carelessly throw away, then throw the needle cap back cover, put homemade tool box, back to the hospital accounted for 22%, 64%, 10% and 4%, respectively. Respondents severity of medical blood contaminated sharps hazard rating, from heavy to light were stabbed himself, stabbed others, infecting others and infect themselves. Respondents believed that blood contaminated sharps can spread the disease waere mainly hepatitis B, hepatitis C and AIDS, with all awareness rate reached 90%; generally considered hypertension, cancer were not spread through the pathway. Respondents believe that the right way to deal with blood contaminated sharps in direct medical trash thrown （bag）, head back to the medical needle cap and then thrown into the trash （bags）, placed in a special box and know how to handle a weapon proportion 2%, 20%, 62% and 16%, respectively. Willing to provide free use of the tool box was 98%. Conclusions The patients with chronic viral hepatitis have a certain knowledge of how to deal with the blood-contaminated sharps, however, that is insufficient. Doctors and nurses as well as the government should pay more attention to the propaganda and education of blood-contaminated sharp and relevant diseases.

关 键 词：血液污染利器 危害性 防护 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]