用局部逐层去除法测量厚壁圆筒的内部残余应力  

Measurement of Internal Residual Stress of Thick-Walled Pipe Using Local Material Removal Method

作　　者：谭龙[1] 张建勋[1] 张从平[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]东方汽轮机有限公司制造技术处,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2014年第9期130-135,共6页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAF44B00);教育部博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20100201110065)

摘　　要：采用局部逐层去除法对厚壁圆筒热处理后的残余应力进行测量,拟合得到了圆筒轴向和环向残余应力的分布规律。结果表明,局部逐层去除法能有效地得到厚壁圆筒热处理后内部残余应力的大小及分布;厚壁圆筒热处理后的轴向残余应力在焊缝区域为压应力,内、外表面距离焊缝较远的区域为拉应力,且拉应力的最高值出现在厚壁圆筒接头的外表面热影响区附近,内部为压应力;厚壁圆筒热处理后环向残余应力在焊缝区域为拉应力,峰值出现在圆筒内部靠近内表面一侧,焊缝周围的母材区域为压应力。经过焊后热处理,厚壁圆筒的残余应力总体水平相对较低,环向残余应力和轴向残余应力均降至100MPa以下。The local material removal blind hole method was used to measure the internal residual stress of a thick-walled pipe after post weld heat treatment （PWHT）,then the distributions of axial and circumferential residual stresses in the pipe after PWHT were obtained.The results indicate that the magnitude and distribution of the internal residual stress in the thick-walled pipe after PWHT can be obtained effectively by this method; the axial stress tends to be compressive in the weld region and tensile on the inner and outer surfaces far from the weld seam; the peak value of the tensile stress appears in the heat-affected zone near the outer surface; the circumferential stress is tensile in the weld region and its peak value appears near the inner surface of the pipe; while the stress in the base metal adjacent to the weld seam is compressive.The overall level of the residual stress in the thick-walled pipe after PWHT is relatively small,and the circumferential and axial stresses are reduced below 100 MPa.

关 键 词：厚壁圆筒 局部去除法 内部残余应力 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]