法律的人性基础论纲  

Outline of Study on Human Nature Foundation of Law

作　　者：严存生[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学刑事法学院

出　　处：《中国高校社会科学》2014年第5期131-148,160,共18页Social Sciences in Chinese Higher Education Institutions

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究重点项目"法律的人性基础研究"(07SFB1001)阶段性成果

摘　　要：法律是人类社会的权威性准则,它根源于人的本性,正因如此,探索法律的人性基础至为重要,它是法哲学问题的关键。国内学者在此问题上的观点极不统一。笔者认为,道德性就是法律的人性基础。道德是理性人的社会生活之道和应有之德,它被人们认识之后成为一种内心的观念——价值观念,用以指导自己的行为和评价事物的价值。最高的价值观念是正义。道德有着复杂的结构和种类,如作为个人品德的道德,作为制度的道德和作为社会秩序的道德。法律是一种特殊的制度道德,是一个社会在人们的道德共识基础上由公共的权力机构创制出来的行为准则,用以规制人们的行为,建立和维持一种秩序,使之符合人的社会道德本性。The law is the authoritative rules of human society. It is rooted in human nature. Because of it, it is very important to explore and clarify the human nature foundation of law in order to seize the key and essence of legal issues, which simplifies the complex problems. Therefore, it becomes the key of the research of legal philosophy. In recent years, some domestic scholars began to pay attention to this problem and achieved some preliminary results. But the viewpoints are not unified. It is my initial conclusions that the morality is the foundation of human nature foundation of law. In my option, morals are the virtue of social life of rational people. They were known as an inner conception of values, guiding human behavior and evaluating value of things. Justice is the supreme value, which is the highest value goal of human pursuing. Morals have complex structure and types, such as the moral of individual virtue, moral as institution and moral as social order. Law is a special institutional moral. Law is behavioral rules which are created by public organ of authority on the basis of moral consensus of society. Law is used to regulate people's behavior, establish and maintain a kind of order, and meet the social moral nature of human.

关 键 词：人性 道德性 法律的人性基础 

分 类 号：D903[政治法律—法学理论]