历史文化名城名胜组景的时空演变特征研究——以金陵四十八景为例  

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Assembled Landscapes in Chinese Historical and Cultural City:The Case of Forty-eight Scenes of Jinling

作　　者：苏醒[1] 张捷[1] 张宏磊[1] 钟士恩[1] 陈星[1] 李宜聪[1] 李茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2014年第5期171-176,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171121)

摘　　要：名胜组景是一定地域范围内景观的组合,是历史文化名城的重要城市地标和旅游资源。以南京的金陵四十八景为例,研究名胜组景的时空演变特征。研究发现:金陵古代名胜组景依赖于自然地理环境,密集分布在长江、钟山、秦淮河等山脉和河流附近,同时也受人文地理界线的影响,较集中于南京城墙内;民国至当代的金陵四十八景的空间分布呈现东进南延北拓态势,逐步扩散至人文地理边界以外的外城郭,进而扩散到郊区县市(江北、高淳、溧水)。名胜组景的这种时空变迁特征与城市变迁存在强烈的关联。历史文化名城的组景景观可划分为自然景观和人文景观。金陵四十八景的时间演进过程中呈现自然景观数量减少、人文景观数量增多的趋势,景观景名、排序等存在较大的差异。古今游憩偏好的变化、旅游需求的变化、历史文化景观的积累、宗教变革、土地利用、社会职能的转变、时代文化的差异都对此产生一定程度的影响。Assembled Landscapes is a combination of landscapes within a certain geographical area, important city landmarks and tourist resources for historical and cultural city. This paper conducts a case of Forty-eight Scenes of Jinling to study spatial and temporal evolution features of Assembled Landscapes. The results are followed： Ancient Assembled Landscapes depended on the geographical environment, densely distributed in the nearby mountains and rivers of the Yangtze River, Zhongshan, Qinhuai River, etc. , but also were affected by the bounda- ries of human geography, more focused inside Ming city wall ; from Republic of China to the contemporary, the spa- tial distribution of Forty-eight Scenes of Jinling expanded in three directions, north, south and east, and gradually spread to the outer city walls beyond the boundaries of human geography, and then spread to the suburban counties （ Jiangbei, Gaochun, Lishui）. There is a strong association between the spatial and temporal changes of Assem- bled Landscapes and urban changes. Meanwhile a series of landscapes in the historical and cultural city can be di- vided into the natural landscape and the human landscape, showing that an decrease in the number of natural land- scape in the trend, an increase of the number of human landscape in the trend with the process of change over time of Forty-eight Scenes of Jinling. There is a big difference in landscape names, sorting, etc. Changes in ancient and modem recreational preferences, changes in tourism needs, religious change, land use, changes in social functions, cultural differences all have an influence on this in a certain degree.

关 键 词：名胜组景 金陵四十八景 空间分析 时空演变 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]