论美国对外贸易区的立法及其对我国的启示  

On the Legislation of U.S. Foreign Trade Zone and Its Implications for China

作　　者：周阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海关学院科研处

出　　处：《社会科学》2014年第10期90-100,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"我国知识产权海关保护制度创新研究"(项目编号:12BFX144);上海市教委科研创新项目"海关视角下应对美国贸易保护主义法律问题研究"(项目编号:12YS195)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：美国对外贸易区的立法已经形成了一个包括法律、行政法规、州与地方法律法规、判例法以及相关海关国际条约等在内的严密框架体系。其中,《1934年对外贸易区法》是对外贸易区的基本法,发挥着不可替代的作用。从立法模式的角度看,它还呈现出了一条从"变革性立法"向"自治性立法"逐步转型的进路。中国(上海)自由贸易试验区获批后,全国人大常委会、国务院及有关部委、上海市人大常委会与上海市政府等先后发布实施了一系列的法律文件,但仍然面临着基本法缺失等诸多挑战。我国应充分借鉴美国经验,尽快启动自贸区基本法制定的工作,全国人大及其常委会应向上海市人大及其常委会实施特别授权立法,并推动自贸区自治性立法的进程。U.S. foreign trade zone legislation has become a tight framework system including laws,administrative regulations, state and local laws and regulations, case laws and relevant internationaltreaties. Foreign Trade Zone Act of 1934 is the basic law among them and plays an irreplaceable role. Itturns from Innovative Legislation to Self-government Legislation from the point of legislation model.Although the Standing Committee of the NPC, the State Council and the relevant ministries andcommissions, the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal People＇s Congress and the ShanghaiMunicipal People＇s Government have issued a series of legal documents after the establishment of China（Shanghai） Pilot Free Trade Zone, it still facing many challenges like basic laws deletion. China isencouragedto draw lessons from American experience and start the work of making foreign trade zonebasic law. The Standing Committee of the NPC should implement special delegated legislation to ShanghaiMunicipal People＇s Congress and the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal People＇s Congress, andalso promote the FTZ Self-government Legislature procedure.

关 键 词：对外贸易区 上海自贸区 立法模式 授权立法 

分 类 号：D901[政治法律—法学理论]