黄河上游宁蒙河段平滩流量变化过程研究  

Study on Bankfull Flow Discharge of Ningmeng Reach in Upper Yellow River

作　　者：董占地[1] 吉祖稳[1] 王党伟[1] 胡海华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《浙江水利科技》2014年第5期8-12,共5页Zhejiang Hydrotechnics

基　　金：水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(泥0135022013);泥基本科研1414;泥基本科研1442

摘　　要：采用黄河上游宁蒙河段各水文站1965—2004年实测资料,分析了宁蒙河段平滩流量的变化过程,表明宁蒙河段平滩流量随时间呈现减小的趋势,特别是1986年龙羊峡水库运用后减小更为明显,已由20世纪60年代中期的3 600～5 800m^3/s减小到2004年的1 100～3 600m^3/s,尤以内蒙古河段的三湖河口站最为严重,从1986年的4 100m^3/s左右减小到2004年的1 100m^3/s左右,内蒙古河段平滩流量减小幅度要大于宁夏河段,主河槽出现明显萎缩。文中给出了宁蒙河段历年平滩流量与年和汛期来水量的响应关系,具有随年和汛期来水量增加而增大的规律。进一步分析表明,当年来水量为200亿m^3或汛期来水量为80亿m^3时,宁夏河段和内蒙古河段的平滩流量分别约为3 100,2 850m^3/s;当年来水量为300亿m^3或汛期来水量为170亿m^3时,宁夏河段和内蒙古河段的平滩流量分别约为4 300,4 000m^3/s。分析结果可为宁蒙河段河道进一步整治的研究提供基础。By analyzing the filed data of flow and sediment process in Ningmeng Reach during 1965-2004, the bankfull discharge in this river was investigated and the result showed that the bankfull discharge decreased with time during this period since the river cross- section shrank, the bankfull discharge of the whole reach was 3 600 ～ 5 800 m^3/s in the middle 1960＇s while it decreased to 1 100 ～ 3 600 m^3/s in 2004, and bankfull discharge decrease of Neimenggu rpach are more than that of the Ningxia reach. Especially, after building of the Longyangxia Dam in 1986, bankfull discharge at Sanhehukou hydrologic station has been decreased from 4 100 m^3/s in 1986 to 1 100 m^3/s in 2004. Relationship between bankfull discharge and runoff of flood season was analyzed and the result showed that the former augmented with the increasing of the latter. Besides it is found that this relationship was not only influenced by runoff but also by flood process. When annual runoff is 20 billion m^3 or runoff in flood season is 8 billion m^3, bankfull discharge of Ningxia reach and Neimenggu reach was about 3 100 m^3/s and 2 850 m^3/s, while they were 4 300 m^3/s and 4 000 m^3/s when annual runoff was 30 billion m^3 or runoff in flood season was 17 billion m^3. The results of this paper will be profit for river regulation in Ningmeng reach.

关 键 词：黄河 宁蒙河段 平滩流量 

分 类 号：P332.4[天文地球—水文科学]