基于反电动势数学模型分析电动汽车永磁同步电机失磁故障  

Analysis of Demagnetization Fault for PMSM of Electric Vehicle Based on Back-EMF Mathematical Model

作　　者：钟钦[1] 马宏忠[2] 张志艳[3] 丁凡[1] 成华义 

机构地区：[1]国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司,浙江湖州313000 [2]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京211100 [3]郑州轻工业学院电气信息工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《高压电器》2014年第9期35-40,46,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：上海汽车工业科技发展基金会基金(1106)~~

摘　　要：以V型磁路结构的8极42 kW内置式永磁同步电机为研究模型,推导出了任意磁极或任意多个磁极发生不同程度的不可逆失磁故障下单槽和单相的空载反电动势数学模型。利用有限元方法仿真验证了该模型是正确的。该模型简单有效且计算量小,考虑了转子磁场谐波的影响。结合该模型与有限元仿真对失磁故障进行了分析,结果表明:单槽反电动势波形能反映失磁磁极的具体位置和失磁严重程度,单相反电动势波形不能辨别失磁磁极的具体位置,只能反映所有磁极的整体失磁程度,且不含有故障谐波分量,监测故障谐波分量诊断永磁同步电机的失磁故障须考虑绕组的连接型式。Taking an 8-pole 22 kW inside permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM） with V-shaped rotor structure as a model,a single-slot single-phase no-load back-EMF mathematical model is presented in the case of different degree of irreversible demagnetization fault occurring on any magnetic pole or multiple magnetic poles. Finite element method（FEM） is adoptedto verify the correctness of the mathematical model. The present model is simple and effective with small computation quantity. And it takes the impact of rotor magnetic field harmonics into account. The demagnetization faults are analyzed with the present model and FEM simulation, and the results show that the waveform of single-slot back-EMF can reflect the location and the demagnetization degree of the demagnetized magnetic pole, however the waveform of single-phase back-EMF cannot distinguish the location of the demagnetized magnetic pole but can reflect the overalldemagnetizationdegree of whole magnetic poles without fault harmonic components. It is necessary to consider the connectiontype of windings indiagnosing demagnetizationfailure of PMSMvia monitoring faultharmoniccomponents.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 失磁故障 故障诊断 反电动势 数学模型 有限元方法 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]