抽穗前后遮光对超级粳稻产量形成的影响  

Effects of Shading Before and After Heading on Yield Formation of Super Japonica Rice

作　　者：王亚江 颜希亭 孟天瑶 杨大柳 魏海燕 张洪程 戴其根 霍中洋 许轲 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国稻米》2014年第5期18-21,共4页China Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31101102);国家粮食丰产科技工程(2011BAD16B03);农业部超级稻专项;江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目

摘　　要：大田条件下以超级粳稻南粳44和宁粳3号为材料,设置3种遮光处理(L0:不遮光,L1:抽穗前遮光20d,L2:抽穗后遮光20 d),研究抽穗前后遮光对超级粳稻产量形成的影响。结果表明,抽穗后遮光处理的产量高于抽穗前遮光的处理,但都低于不遮光的处理(产量L0>L2>L1)。其中,与L0相比,L1降低了抽穗期LAI、粒叶比及拔节至成熟阶段的干物质积累量,同时增加了齐穗后剑叶SPAD值和净光合速率,表现为贪青迟熟;与L0相比,L2主要影响了抽穗至成熟阶段的光合物质积累,但L2对粒叶比和SPAD值的影响大于L1。株型特征方面,与L0相比,L1降低了齐穗期水稻穗长和倒3叶的透光率,增加了株高及上3叶的叶基角、叶开角、披垂度。Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of shading 20 days before（L1 ） and after heading （L2）, and no shading L0 as control, on yield formation of super japonica rice Nanjing 44 and Ningjing 3. The results showed that yield under the different light treatment was L1〉L3〉L2. Compared with L0, L1 reduced the leaf area index at heading, grain-leaf ratio and dry matter accumulation from jointing to maturity, increased the flag leaf SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate after full heading, then conducted to unfavorable-delayed senescence of 2 rice varieties. L2 mainly affected photosynthate accumulation from heading to maturity, and the effects on grain-leaf ratio and SPAD value were greater than L1. Compared with L0, L1 reduced the panicle length and light transmittance of top 3rd leaf, increased the plant height and leaf basal angle, vane angle, drooping degree of top three leaf at full heading.

关 键 词：超级粳稻 遮光 产量 物质积累 株型特征 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学]