适用于大规模无线传感器网络的分布式组密钥管理方案  

A group key management scheme for large-scale distributed wireless sensor networks

作　　者：周建钦[1,2] 王影[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]安徽工业大学计算机科学与技术学院,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《苏州科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期36-42,共7页Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology （Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61272045);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y1100318)

摘　　要：当节点资源受限且处于敌对环境中时,无线传感器网络极易受到攻击且易被俘获。对基于簇协作的密钥管理方案进行了改进,提出一种适用于大规模无线传感器网络的分布式组密钥管理方案。利用距离最近的邻居头节点间的相互协作来实时更新组密钥,降低敌手利用妥协节点对网络进行的攻击的几率。当妥协节点个数低于门限值时,由本组头节点发起组密钥更新;当妥协节点个数高于门限值时,由邻居组头节点协作告知基站和其他邻居头节点:该组已妥协,切断与其通信,要求重新布置该组节点;当妥协节点为头节点时,由最近的邻居头节点协作其他邻居节点在该组内选取新的头节点。网络中为每个组分配不同的多项式,与整个网络使用同一个多项式相比,抗共谋攻击能力增强;网络中增加了自愈机制,通过设置相关参数,可以改变网络的自愈性。实验结果表明:每组成员节点的数量增加到一定值时,头节点的通信开销趋于平稳。因此,该方案适用于具有多个不同自愈性需求等级的大规模网络。When the node resources are limited and placed in a hostile environment, wireless sensor networks are highly vulnerable to attacks and easily captured. Based on the cluster collaboration scheme, we put a group key management scheme for large-scale distributed wireless sensor networks. Mutual collaboration between the neighboring head nodes of the nearest group could update the group key in real time to reduce the attacks from the compromised nodes. The head node updates its group key when the number of compromised nodes in its own is below a threshold, and the neighboring head instead of the group head updates it when above a threshold. The neighboring heads will inform the base station and entire network in the latter situation that the group has failed, cut their communication with it, and redeployed it. When the head node compromises, its nearest head nodes will collaborate with other neighboring heads to select a new node in the group as their head. Compared with that the whole network has one common polynomial, that every group has a distinct polynomial greatly decreases the attacks of collusion. The network has increased its self-healing property by setting related parameters. The experimental results show that the communication overhead of the head node comes to a certain value with the increase of the member in each group. Therefore, this scheme is suitable for large-scale networks having multiple different levels of self-healing demands.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 组密钥管理 协作 自愈 安全性 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]