地方人大委托“第三方”参与立法的理论诠释与实践思考  

On Theory Interpretation and Practice Review of the Local People's Congress Legislation Involved the “Third Party”

作　　者：王仰文[1] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学法学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《河北法学》2014年第10期37-46,共10页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目<制度禀赋视角下的政府规制政策选择与治理结构研究>(10CJL045)的阶段性研究成果之一

摘　　要：立法是法治的起点。地方人大传统立法模式的最大弊端是带有浓厚的部门利益色彩,它在赋予一方特殊权利的同时,也相应限制或者剥夺了另一方的话语权。在这一状况下,尝试委托"第三方"参与立法的模式变革,就是希望通过借助"第三方"参与立法人员的中立地位和职业操守来回应立法过程中的"公权私用"和"部门利益法制化"的批评诘问,以外力优势规避部门强势利益对立法的负面影响。然而,这一立法模式变革的大胆探索,在实践中却并没有获取预想的完美结果,甚至还带来了一些诸如立法资源浪费、法规脱离实际、立法不公等新的难题。摆脱这一新的改革困境,还必须通过现有制度的配套建设,持续强化地方人大的立法主导地位,推动实施公共立法,完善利益制约机制,强化立法问责制度。Legislation is the starting point for the rule of law. The biggest drawbacks of the traditional legislative model in the local people＇s congresses is a strong color with sectoral interests, it gives one special rights, also with the corresponding limit or deprive the party of the right to speak. In this situation, trying to change the legislative mode is hoped by means of the ＂third party＂ involved in the legislative staff＇s neutrality and professional conduct in response to the legislative process in the＂ private public rights＂ and ＂department legal interests＂ of criticism questioning, with the negative impact on legislation through the strong outside force adyantage circumvent departmental interests. However, the bold exploration of the legislative model of change, in practice, has not got perfect results which expected, and even brings some waste of resources, such as legislation, regulations, unrealistic, unfair legislation and other new challenges. To get rid of the plight of this new reform, some measures must be taken, such as supporting the construction of the existing system by continuing to strengthen the legislative dominance of local people＇s congresses, promoting the implementation of common legislation, improving the benefits and restraint mechanisms, and strengthening the legislative accountability.

关 键 词：地方人大 立法委托 委托理论 立法实践 制度建设 

分 类 号：DF211[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]