知识产权保护是否影响了我国高技术产业的发展转型?  

Does the Protection of Intellectual Property Accelerate the Transformation of High-Tech Industry in China?

作　　者：李黎明[1] 刘海波[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,南京210094 [2]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2014年第9期3-13,共11页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项(2012IM040400)

摘　　要：构建了一个发展中国家知识产权保护的理论模型，发现当自主研发能力达到一定水平，产业部门将从技术引进向自主研发转型，同时，随着知识产权保护强度的提升，产业部门会进一步加大研发投入，而且自主研发对产品质量改进效果也会更加显著。高技术产业面板数据的实证分析也表明，知识产权保护会激励高技术产业加强研究开发，降低对外商直接投资的依赖程度；不仅如此，知识产权保护会提升高技术产业的技术效率，促进产业从依靠粗放低效率的要素投入向加强内部组织管理转型，这两种作用在2004年我国开始强调自主创新后表现得尤为明显。实证还表明，知识产权保护的影响存在显著的产业差异，对自主型产业的影响要大于对引进型产业的影响，这种影响也体现为经济贡献的差异，知识产权对自主型产业的经济贡献约为17%~36%，而对引进型产业的经济贡献则在14%~25%之间。This paper builds a theoretical model of intellectual property protection of developing countries, found that when the comparative advantage of the utility of R＆D on product quality improvement reaches a critical va- lue, the industry would turn to R＆D instead of acquisition of technology; moreover, the increasing of intensity of intellectual property protection would promote the industry sector to reinforce spending on R＆D, at the same time, the utility of R＆D on product quality would be more significant, according to the analysis of the panel da- ta of of large and middle-sized industry enterprises during 1996-2010, our results suggest that the strengthening of the protection of intellectual property rights has accelerated the transformation of high-tech industry, on one hand, the protection of intellectual property rights will encourage high-tech industries to strengthen research and development, reduce dependence on foreign direct investment; on the other hand, the protection of intellectual property will enhance the technical efficiency of the high-tech industry, strengthen the internal organization and management rather than blindly increasing factor inputs. After emphasis on indigenous innovation in 2004, these two effects become more obvious; moreover, the impact on the R＆D-based industries is greater than that on the purchase-based industries. In fact, the economic contribution of IP to R＆D-based industry is also higher than that to purchase-based industry, the former are 17%-36% compare to the latter＇s 14%-25%.

关 键 词：知识产权保护强度 研究开发 技术引进 数据包络分析 贡献率 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]