土石坝垂直防渗加固措施综述  

A review of vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measures for earth and rockfilled dam

作　　者：庞琼[1] 王士军[1,2] 谷艳昌[1,2] 张云宝 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029 [2]水利部大坝安全管理中心,江苏南京210029 [3]西藏满拉水利枢纽管理局,西藏江孜857400

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2014年第4期28-37,共10页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2011DFA72810);南京水利科学研究院重点基金项目(Y713007)

摘　　要：我国土石坝数量众多,渗流问题引起的大坝病害与险情严重危及土石坝的运行安全。近年来,我国全面开展了病险水库除险加固工作,垂直防渗加固措施因防渗效果显著,在实际工程中得到广泛应用。通过收集病险土石坝除险加固资料、开展现场调研分析及查阅大量相关文献,总结土石坝常用垂直防渗加固措施主要有灌浆、防渗墙和土工合成材料防渗技术等。文中阐述各技术措施的应用历史与发展现状,归纳垂直防渗设计原则和不同垂直防渗加固措施防渗原理及其施工工艺,对比分析各自的防渗体厚度、处理深度、防渗效果、工程施工、环境影响、投资造价、适用地层、工效等特征与适用性。分析认为垂直防渗加固措施的选择,应综合考虑坝基地形地质条件、工程施工难度、环境影响及投资造价等诸多因素。There are a large number of earth and rockfill dams in China. Seepage problems are easy to cause dam diseases or dangers, which seriously endanger the safety operation of the earth and rockfill dams. In recent years, our government is comprehensively carrying out a series of reinforcement measures to solve various problems of dangerous reservoirs and dams. As the result of the outstanding seepage control effect, different kinds of vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measures are widely used in many practical engineering projects. By collecting reinforcement information of the dangerous earth and rockfill dam, carrying out field investigation analysis and referring to a large number of relevant literatures, common vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measures for the earth and rockfill dams are mainly summarized as grouting, cut-off wall, geosynthetic materials technology and others. In this paper, the history and the development of each vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measure are described in detail. And the seepage control design principles, the seepage control mechanism and the construction technology for each vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measure are also analyzed in detail. Characteristics of each vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measure, such as the thickness of impervious body, the depth they can process, their seepage control effect, the engineering construction situation, the impacts on environment, their investment cost, the suitable stratum they can be applied to, the work efficiency of the project construction and so on, are compared and analyzed for the purpose of studies of their applicability. By the above analysis, in order to choose a proper vertical anti-seepage reinforcement measure for a specific earth and rockfill dam project, the topography and geological conditions in dam foundation, the difficulty of construction, the impacts on the environment, the investment cost and many other factors should be taken into consideration comprehensively.

关 键 词：病险水库 土石坝 垂直防渗措施 防渗原理 除险加固 适用性 

分 类 号：TV698[水利工程—水利水电工程]