饲料中添加槲皮素对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和非特异性免疫指标的影响  

Effectsof dietaryquercetinon growth performance, serum biochemical indices,non-specific immuneindicesof Juvenile Tilapia(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：李剑[1] 刘淑兰[1] 史庆超 翟少伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学农业部东海海水健康养殖重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《饲料工业》2014年第16期21-25,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：福建省科技计划重点项目"高效消除饲料重金属对鱼体毒害作用的添加剂研发[2012N0017]"

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲料中添加槲皮素对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和非特异性免疫指标的影响。选取平均体重为(11.50±0.05)g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼240尾,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。4组吉富罗非鱼幼鱼分别投喂在基础饲料中添加槲皮素水平为0(对照组)、200、400 mg/kg和800 mg/kg的试验饲料。试验期49 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,各槲皮素添加组吉富罗非鱼幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和肥满度显著升高(P<0.05),饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05)。200 mg/kg槲皮素组增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、肥满度最高,饲料系数最低,但与400 mg/kg和800 mg/kg添加组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组吉富罗非鱼幼鱼摄食率、脏体指数、肝体指数和存活率差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着饲料中槲皮素添加水平的升高,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼血清中尿素氮水平,谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性以及总胆固醇、甘油三酯水平逐渐降低,并显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各槲皮素组间尿素氮水平,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和总胆固醇水平无显著差异(P>0.05),400 mg/kg和800 mg/kg槲皮素组甘油三酯水平显著低于200 mg/kg组。各槲皮素添加组血清溶菌酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。槲皮素对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼脾脏指数无显著影响(P>0.05),但随槲皮素添加水平的升高呈现上升的趋势(P<0.10)。由此得出,饲料中添加适宜水平槲皮素可以促进吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长,改善血清生化指标,增强非特异性免疫能力。在本试验条件下,建议在吉富罗非鱼饲料中添加200 mg/kg槲皮素为宜。A 49-day growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary quercetin on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, non-specific immune indices of Juvenile Talipia （GIFT Oreochromis niloticus）. Two hundred and forty fish with initial average weight of （11.50±0.05） g were ran- domly divided into four treatment groups with three replicates in each treatment group and 20 fish in each replicate. The fish of four treatment groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0（con- trol group）, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg quercetin on the basis of basal diet, respectively. The results showed as follows： compared with the control group, the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and condition factor of quercetin supplemental groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05） and feed conversion ratio of quercetin sup- plemental groups were significantly decreased （P〈 0.05）, while there were no significant differences between all quercetin supplemental groups（P〉 0.05）. No significant differences were found in feed rate, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomaticic index and survival rate between the control group and all quercetin supplemental groups. With the dietary quercetin levels increasing, the activities of blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotrans- ferase, aspartate aminotransferase in serum were significantly decreased. The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were obviously decreased with the dietary quercetin levels increasing. All quer- ectin supplemental groups had significant higher activities of lysozyme and acid phosphatase compared with control group（P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences on spleen index （P〉0.05） among all treatment groups, but with the increasing levels of quercetin, the spleen index was on the rise（P〈0.10）. These resuhs demonstrated that dietary quercetin could dramatically improve the growth performance, regulate the serum biochemical indices and enhance the non-specific immune indices of juve

关 键 词：槲皮素 吉富罗非鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]