女子撑竿跳高起跳、撑竿技术的生物力学特征  

Movement Characteristics of the Techniques of Take-off and Valting in Female Pole Valting

作　　者：郭梁[1] 于超 

机构地区：[1]广州体育学院科学实验中心,广东广州510500 [2]福建体育职业学院,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建体育科技》2014年第4期31-34,共4页Fujian Sports Science and Technology

摘　　要：为总结女子撑竿跳高起跳、撑竿技术的生物力学特征,提高国内女子撑竿跳高技术水平,用文献资料法、影像分析法、数理统计法等方法,对国内九名女子优秀撑竿选手进行生物力学分析。结果显示九名运动员水平速度损失率均值为(0.25±0.09),垂直速度增加率均值为(0.45±0.06),两名运动员撑竿5个阶段水平/垂直方向平均速度均值分别为[(6.08±0.12)/(2.36±0.21)]m/s、[(4.77±0.33)/(2.13±0.27)]m/s、[(3.05±0.42)/(2.39±0.31)]m/s、[(1.65±0.16)/(3.53±0.13)]m/s、[(1.5±0.28)/(1.18±0.53)]m/s。研究认为与两名世界优秀运动员相比,水平速度损失率和垂直速度增加率都过大。国内女子运动员在悬垂阶段水平速度低,而垂直速度相对较高;在推杆阶段水平速度高,而垂直速度相对较低。建议通过相关肌群的力量、稳定性训练提高撑竿技术水平。To summarize the biomechanical characteristics of the techniques of take - off and valting in female pole valting, and to improve the technical level of domestic women pole vault. With the methods of literature, image a- nalysis, mathematical statistics and other methods, biomechanical analysis on the nine outstanding women pole vauheis. The horizontal velocity loss rate of the nine athletes was （0. 25 ± 0. 09 ）, vertical velocity increase rate was （0. 45 ± 0. 06 ）, and the horizontal / vertical average velocity of the 5 valting stages of the two athletes were [ {6.08 ± 0.12） / {2.36 ± 0.21）] m/s, [ {4.77 ±0.33} / （2.13 ±0.27）] m/s, （3.05 ±0.42）/ [ （2.39 ± 0.31}] m/s, （1.65 ± 0.16） /[ [3.53 ± 0.13}] m/s, （1.5± 0.28） /[ （1.18 ± 0.53}] m/s. Compared with two world elite athletes, the loss rate of horizontal velocity and the increase rate of vertical velocity are too large. The horizontal velocities of domestic female athletes in the suspending stage are lower, while the vertical velocities are relatively higher; in the pushing stage, the horizontal velocities are higher , while the vertical velocities are relatively lower. We recommended that improve the valting techniques level by strengthen the relevant muscles sthength and the body stability.

关 键 词：撑竿跳高 生物力学 重心速度 起跳 女子 

分 类 号：G823.2[文化科学—体育训练]