近20年贵州喀斯特山区石漠化与气候变化特征分析  

Rocky Desertification and Climate Change Characteristics in Typical Karst Area of Guizhou Province over Past Two Decades

作　　者：张勇荣[1,2,3] 周忠发[4,3] 马士彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]六盘水师范学院环境与资源科学系,贵州六盘水553004 [2]乌蒙山区发展研究院,贵州六盘水553004 [3]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001 [4]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第9期192-197,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973计划"课题(2012CB723202);贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字[2011]2052号);贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字[2012]2309号);六盘水市科技局科技创新能力建设计划项目(52020 2012-04-01-01)

摘　　要：利用1990年TM、2000年ETM+、2010年HJ-01A 3期遥感影像数据和1981-2009年气象要素数据分析研究区近20年石漠化变化特征,以及石漠化变化速率(K)与气温和降水之间的响应特征,结果表明:近20年间研究区石漠化面积变化比较剧烈,石漠化强度变化最大的是潜在石漠化,1990-2000年减少了151.96 km2,2000-2010年面积减少了112.22 km2。1981-2009年研究区气温年际变化整体呈波动上升的趋势,降水呈波动减少趋势。石漠化变化速率(K)与气温和降水的相关性较弱。通过分析可以看出,石漠化对气候变化的响应不敏感,存在一定的滞后性,石漠化的产生和演化更多的是受人为因素的影响。Using TM, ETM^＋ and HJ-01A remote sensing images data of the years 1990, 2000 and 2010, as well as annual meteorological data of the period from 1981 to 2009, the variation characteristics of rocky desertification in the study karst area over the 2-decade were analyzed, and the relationships among rocky desertification variation rate （K）, temperature and precipitation were studied. The study found that area of rocky desertification changed significantly in the karst area during the two decades, especially the area of the potential rocky deserfification-a decrease happened during the 1st decade （from 1990 to 2000） was 151.96 km2, and during the 2nd decade 112.22 krn2. On the other hand, according to the meteorological data from 1981 to 2009, annual temperature variation of the study area was on a rise as a whole but the trend of precipitation was towards decreasing. However, the variation rate of karst rocky desertification （K） was not very much correlated with temperature and precipitation. According to the analysis, rocky desertification was not sensitive to climate change, in fact, it had a feature of hysteresis; and in conclusion, the emergence and evolution of rocky desertification in the karst area was rather influenced by human activities.

关 键 词：喀斯特石漠化 气候变化 相关分析 六枝 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]