水稻抗稻瘟病天然免疫机制及抗病育种新策略  

Recent advances in understanding the innate immune mechanisms and developing new disease resistance breeding strategies against the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in rice

作　　者：何峰[1,2] 张浩[1,2] 刘金灵[1] 王志龙[1] 王国梁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《遗传》2014年第8期756-765,共10页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(编号:2012CB114005);湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(2012)资助

摘　　要：稻瘟病是水稻最严重的病害之一,由子囊菌(Magnaporthe oryzae)引起。利用抗病品种是防治稻瘟病最经济、最有效的措施。近年来,稻瘟病已发展为研究植物与病原真菌分子互作机制的模式系统,在水稻与稻瘟菌互作和寄主抗性分子生物学、基因组学和蛋白组学等领域取得了一系列重要的研究成果。文章综述了近年来水稻抗稻瘟病两种天然免疫机制,即病原菌相关分子模式诱导和效应蛋白诱导的抗病机制研究的最新进展,讨论了GWAS、TALLEN、CRISPR和HIGS等基因组研究新方法和新技术在水稻抗病育种中的应用,并对目前稻瘟病抗性机制研究和抗病育种中的问题和挑战进行了探讨和展望。Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. Utilization of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economic strategy against the disease. Recently, rice blast has become an advanced model system for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of plant-fimgal interactions. Significant progress has been made in the molecular biology, genomics and proteomics of the rice-M, oryzae interaction and host resis- tance in the last few years. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of PAMP-triggered immunity （PTI） and effector-triggered immunity （ETI） in rice against M. oryzae, and propose the new strategies for blast resistance molecular breeding. We also discuss the new challenges for future investigations.

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病 抗病性 病原菌相关分子模式诱导抗病性 效应蛋白诱导抗病性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]