粗枝云杉球果年生长发育趋势  

Variation Regularities of Annual Growth of Cones of Picea asperata

作　　者：胡勐鸿[1] 王军辉[1] 李青粉[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局林木培育重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所),北京100091

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2014年第9期122-125,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201204307);甘肃省重大科技专项(1102NKDE028)

摘　　要：为云杉遗传改良和种子园精细化管理提供依据,研究了粗枝云杉(Picea asperata)球果生长发育动态趋势,并观察了其球果发育进程中的形态特征,以及球果长、腹径、鲜质量、干质量和含水率随生长期的变化规律。结果表明:球果形成初期为紫红色,成熟时变为栗褐色。从球果形成到种子成熟约145 d。速生期(4月下旬到6月中旬)球果长、腹径的生长分别占年生长量的99.20%和97.84%,长度和腹径的生长盛期是种子园肥水管理的关键时期。球果长、腹径、鲜质量、干质量随生长期的变化符合S型曲线,含水率的年变化规律为Logstic曲线。种子成熟时含水率为21.9%,且保持稳定,可作为确定种子采收时间的指标之一。可将球果发育划分为长度和腹径的生长盛期、种胚发生和生长期、失水成熟期3个阶段。We observed the change of morphological characters in developmental process of Picea asperata to investigate the influence of dynamic tendency of growth and development of cone on controlled pollination and nutritional care of tree, and studied the growth variation patterns of cone length, cone width, fresh weight, dry weight and moisture content. The color of cone was amaranth in initial stage and brown in maturation stage. There were 145 d from cone formation to seed maturation. The growth of cone length and width during fast-growing period, which was the key period of fertilizer and water management, accounted for 99.2% and 97.84% of annual growth, respectively. The variation of cone length, cone width, fresh weight and dry weight in growth period were accorded with S curve, whereas, the annul change of moisture content was logistic curve. Moisture content of seed remained stable in maturation period （ about 21.9% ） , which could be as one of indexes of recovery time. The development of cone could be divided into three stages including growth stage, embryogenesis and growing period, and filtration stage.

关 键 词：粗枝云杉 球果性状 曲线拟合 

分 类 号：S722.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]