基于立体层析反演的偏移速度建模应用研究  

Migration velocity analysis with stereo-tomography inversion

作　　者：李振伟[1] 杨锴[1] 倪瑶[2] 杨小椿 王宇翔[1] 汪小将 

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油物探技术研究院,江苏南京211103 [3]中海石油研究总院,北京100027

出　　处：《石油物探》2014年第4期444-452,共9页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：国家科技重大专项子课题(2011ZX05025-001-03);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41274117);海洋地质国家重点实验室自主课题(MG20130304)共同资助

摘　　要：立体层析反演方法是一种可以同时反演反射点深度、反射层局部倾角与速度结构的层析反演方法。该方法在实践中最大的特色是数据空间的分布可以是稀疏的、不连续的,因此完全克服了传统反射层析中数据空间拾取困难这一问题。该方法重新定义了层析反演的数据分量和模型分量,使得数据的提取不再需要沿着连续的层位进行。除地震波走时之外,炮、检点位置与炮、检点处射线的局部传播方向也被用来约束速度模型。将该方法应用于南海某二维深水地震数据,基于倾斜叠加能量谱对炮、检点处的局部传播方向实施交互拾取获得了可靠的立体层析数据空间,将其输入立体层析反演算法获得了可靠的偏移速度模型,证明了立体层析反演方法的稳定性和可靠性。Stereo-tomography inversion is a distinctive tomography method, which can be used to simultaneously invert the velocity, the position and the dip of reflector. The biggest characteristic of the stereo-tomography inversion in practice is characterized that the spread of data space can be sparse and discontinuous, which overcomes the difficulty of picking in conventional reflection tomography completely. The method redefined the data space and model space of tomographic inversion so that data do not need to be picked along continuous horizons. Besides the traveltime,the coordinates of source and receiver, the slope of a local coherent wave-packet in shot and receiver gather have been included in data space to restrain velocity model. In the application on the real 2D seismic data acquired in South China Sea, reliable migration velocity model has been achieved in use of reliable data space of which the critical slopes have been obtained with local slant stack in an interactive way, which demonstrated the stability and reliability of stereo-tomography.

关 键 词：立体层析反演 数据空间提取 倾斜叠加 偏移速度建模 同时反演 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]