垄作梯式生态稻作对水稻光合生理特性及产量的影响  

Effect of ridge & terraced ecological rice farming on rice photosynthetic characteristics and yield

作　　者：郑华斌[1,2] 刘建霞[2,3] 姚林[2,3] 贺慧[2,3] 黄璜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]农业部华中地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学生物科学与技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第9期2598-2604,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家水稻丰产科技工程项目(2013BAD07B1 1);"十二五"农业部农业公益性行业科研专项(201203081)资助

摘　　要：2011—2012年在湖南长沙以超级杂交稻Y两优1号、杂交稻汕优63和常规稻黄华占为材料进行大田试验,比较了垄作梯式生态稻作(RT)和垄厢生态稻作(B)对水稻产量和光合生理特性的影响.结果表明:与传统稻作(CK)相比,RT的Y两优1号产量显著提高了28.7%,单位面积有效穗数显著提高16.1%,每穗粒数高6.8%,汕优63和黄华占的RT、B处理产量分别高24.3%和19.7%、12.0%和16.2%.RT的Y两优1号叶面积、抽穗前及抽穗后干物质积累量、总干物质量都高于CK,颖花数/叶面积、实粒数/叶面积、粒重/叶面积分别比CK高8.1%、14.8%和15.8%,光合势比CK高32.2%,而净同化率则比CK低9.3%.Taking super hybrid rice Y-liangyou 1, and hybrid rice Xianyou 63 and conventional rice Huanghuazhan as test materials, a field experiment was conducted in Changsha City of Hunan Province in 2011 and 2012 to investigate the effects of ridge ＆ terraced ecological rice farming （RT） and bed ecological rice farming （B） on rice grain yield and photosynthetic characteristics. Compared with conventional rice farming （CK）, yield of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT was increased significantly by 28.7%, the effective panicles per unit area and spikelets per panicle were increased by 16.1% and 6.8%, respectively. Yields of Xianyou 63 and Huanghuazhan in the RT and B were 24.3% and 19.7%, 12.0% and 16.2% higher than those of CK, respectively. Leaf area index, dry matter accumulation before and after fullheading, total dry matter accumulation of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT was higher than that of CK. Number of spikelets/leaf area, number of filled grains/leaf area, grain mass/leaf area of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT were 8.1%, 14.8% and 15.8% higher than those of CK, respectively, the photosynthetic potential was increased by 32.2% while the net assimilation rate was declined by 9.3%.

关 键 词：干物质积累 光合势 粒叶比 光合速率 净同化率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]