基于氢氧同位素和水化学的废弃煤矿充水水源识别  

DISTINGUISHING WATER SOURCES OF THE ABANDONED MINE IN FENGFENG MINING AREA BY USING HYDROCHEMISTRY AND HYDROGEN,OXYGEN ISOTOPES

作　　者：焦艳军[1,2] 王广才[1] 范有余 孙婷婷[1] 赵晓丽[1] 史浙明[1] 马栾 卢忠阳 崔霖峰 吕琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [2]西南油气田公司安全环保与技术监督研究院,成都610041 [3]建设综合勘查研究设计院有限公司,北京100007

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2014年第5期1054-1061,共8页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41272269);全国矿山地质环境调查与评估项目(批准号:1212011220228)共同资助

摘　　要：峰峰矿区地处太行山东麓边缘,属华北地层区,矿区含水层可分为四大含水岩系,其中第四系孔隙含水层地下水和二叠系砂岩含水层地下水主要接受降水补给,石炭系薄层灰岩含水层地下水除接受沟谷河段渗漏补给外,在局部接受下伏奥陶系灰岩地下水的补给,奥陶系灰岩含水层地下水主要接受鼓山、九山及西北部灰岩裸露区降水补给。峰峰矿区有生产矿井13对,废弃矿井4对,本次研究对象为废弃的一矿和二矿。本文运用水化学成分和氢氧稳定同位素作为水循环过程的示踪剂,研究了峰峰矿区不同含水层地下水的水文地球化学特征,并在此基础上识别了废弃矿井主要充水来源。通过现场调查,系统采集了该区废弃矿井水、奥灰水、薄层灰岩水、砂岩水和松散岩类孔隙水水样,并采用离子色谱法、滴定法和高分辨率激光光谱法在实验室完成了水化学成分(K^+、Na^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cl^-、SO_4^(2-)、HCO_3^-和Sr^(2+))和氢氧稳定同位素组分(D和^(18)O)测定。水化学分析结果显示,废弃矿井水、奥灰水的水化学类型主要为HCO_3-SO_4-Ca-Mg,属于低矿化度水;不同水体Sr^(2+)含量存在一定的差异,废弃矿井水和奥灰水Sr^(2+)平均值分别为0.67mg/L和0.69mg/L,且二者Sr^(2+)/Ca^(2+)和Sr^(2+)/Mg^(2+)比值比较接近,可能说明二者存在密切的水力联系;不同水体水化学成分主要受到溶滤作用的影响。氢氧稳定同位素研究表明,砂岩水和孔隙水δD和δ^(18)O相对富集,废弃矿井水和奥灰水δD和δ^(18)O值比较接近。结合矿区奥灰含水层富水性强并与煤系地层存在密切水力联系的水文地质条件,说明奥灰水为废弃矿井水的主要充水水源。The Fengfeng coal mines are located in the eastern edge of Taihang Mountain with geographical coordinates 23°20′～23°35′N,114°00′～114°20′E.It belongs to semi-arid warm temperature zone,mean annual rainfall is 519mm,and the average evaporation is 1678mm.The Fengfeng mine area belongs to North China Coalfield,it consists of four main aquifers.Among them Quaternary pore aquifer （pore water） and Permian sandstone aquifer （sandstone water） mainly accept precipitation recharge,Carboniferous thin limestone aquifer （thin limestone groundwater） locally accepts underlying Ordovician limestone groundwater recharge,groundwater in the Ordovician limestone aquifer mainly accepts precipitation recharge in the Gushan mountain,the Jiushan mountain and the limestone outcrop in northwestern area.The Fengfeng mine area has thirteen production mines and four abandoned mines,the study object of this paper is the abandoned mines named as First Mine and the Second Mine.By using hydrochemical components and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes as tracers,we studied the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in different aquifers in Fengfeng mine area,and further identified the major sources of water filling in these abandoned mines.We collected a total of 27 sets of water samples,among them 2 samples from shafts in abandoned mine wells,10 for Ordovician limestone groundwater,7 for thin limestone groundwater,4 for sandstone groundwater and 4 for pore groundwater.We used ion-chromatography,titration 2＋ 2＋method and Off-Axis ICOS method to analyze the hydrochemical components （K＋,Na＋,Ca,Mg,Cl-,SO42-,HCO3-,and Sr2＋） and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope in the laboratory.The main results are as followings：（1） The dominant cation and anion in abandoned mine groundwater and Ordovician limestone groundwater are Ca2＋,Mg2＋,HCO3-,SO42-and belong to low salinity water,while groundwater in the thin limestone,sandstone and pore aquifers dominated by Ca2＋,Na＋ and belong to weak salinity w

关 键 词：氢氧同位素 水化学 水源识别 峰峰矿区 

分 类 号：P641.136[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]