鞘翅目昆虫线粒体基因组研究进展  

Research progress in mitochondrial genomes of Coleoptera

作　　者：聂瑞娥[1] 杨星科[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所动物进化与系统学院重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2014年第7期860-868,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(3130190);国家基金委特殊学科点项目(J1210002)

摘　　要：鞘翅目(Coleoptera)是世界上最具多样性的类群,具有很高的生态和形态多样性,这些多样性吸引了很多进化生物学家和分类学家的关注。随着分子生物学的发展,分子生物学技术广泛应用于鞘翅目系统学的研究,但随着研究的深入,简单的分子片段已经不能满足研究的需求,需要发掘更新的分子标记。近年来,线粒体全基因组已经成为鞘翅目分子系统学研究中很重要的分子标记之一,并广泛地应用于鞘翅目昆虫各个阶元的研究中。本文就鞘翅目线粒体全基因组的概况、研究进展及存在问题进行了总结和讨论。目前,鞘翅目线粒体基因组的研究主要包括物种线粒体基因组组成与结构、分子系统学和分子进化等方面。线粒体基因组在解决系统发育和进化方面表现出了很多的优越性,然而也存在着一些缺点,如序列难获得、基因类型单一、各基因进化速率不同、应用较局限等。Coleoptera is the largest group of all organismal lineages in the world with very high diversity of morphology and ecology. These rich diversity has been attracted many attention by many evolutionary biologists and taxonomists. Along with the development of molecular biology,the molecular biology techniques are widely used for studying the phylogeny of Coleoptera. However, simple molecular fragments can not meet the research requirements. New molecular markers need to be explored.Recently,the mitochondrial genome has become one of the important molecular markers to explore different categories of Coleoptera. In this article,the research progress in mitochondrial genomes of Coleoptera was addressed,and some problems in the application of mitochondrial genomes of Coleoptera were also discussed. So far,the studies of mitochondrial genomes of beetles have mainly focused on gene arrangement and structure of mitochondrial genome,molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution.Mitochondrial genome has shown many advantages to address the phylogeny and evolution of beetles.However,there are some disadvantages too,such as difficulty to get sequences,simplex gene type,different evolutionary rates,limited application and so on.

关 键 词：鞘翅目 分子系统学 线粒体全基因组 分子标记 分子进化 高级阶元 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学]