二、四倍体不结球白菜抗寒基因表达及生理生长特性  

Expression of cold-related genes and physiological characteristics of the diploid and tetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage

作　　者：王雅美[1] 张蜀宁[1] 郑于莉 徐丽娟[1] 侯喜林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2014年第5期41-46,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2011313)

摘　　要：对低温胁迫下二、四倍体不结球白菜的抗寒基因表达及相关生理生长特性进行比较,为耐寒四倍体品种的生产提供理论依据。对二、四倍体不结球白菜进行(4±1)℃低温处理,比较其在0、2、6、12和24 h时3个抗寒相关基因CBF3、COR15和ZAT10的表达差异以及保护酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,在田间自然条件下比较其光合特性、冻害指数和农艺性状。结果表明:抗寒相关基因CBF3、COR15和ZAT10在四倍体叶片中的表达量显著高于二倍体。低温胁迫下,二、四倍体的保护酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及渗透调节物质含量变化均表现为先升后降的单峰曲线,12 h达到峰值,四倍体始终高于二倍体。四倍体的叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素a/b均高于二倍体,二、四倍体净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的动态变化趋势基本一致,且四倍体均高于二倍体(P<0.05)。四倍体单株质量、叶质量/叶柄质量和小区产量等9个农艺性状显著或极显著高于二倍体,冻害指数差异显著。结论:同源四倍体不结球白菜对低温环境的适应性和光合产量均高于二倍体。Expression of cold-related genes and related physiological characteristics between the diploid and tetraploid non-heading Chi- nese cabbage was compared when beth were under low temperature stress, so as to compare the cold-resistance difference of the diploid and the tetraploid from the level of gene expression, physiological and biological, photosynthetic characteristics, and agronomic traits. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the production of cold resistant tetraploid varieties. Differential expression of three cold- related genes CBF3, COR15 and ZATIO was analyzed by qRT-PCR technique, and the activities of protective enzymes and the content of osmolyte at 0,2,6,12 and 24 h were compared between diploid and the corresponding tetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage when they were treated at the temperature of （4± 1） ℃. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were measured by the portable photosynthetic apparatus LI-6400, and chilling index and agronomic traits were surveyed and compared when both sides were under field conditions. The results showed that qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that variation trend of the expression of three cold-related genes CBF3, COR15 and ZATIO resembled each other between the diploid and the tetrapolid. All the expression quantity of the three cold-related genes of the tetraploid P8 showed significant up-regulation over time than the diploid P9. Trends of the activities of protective enzymes superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, peroxidase （ POD）, catalase （CAT） and osmolyte contents showed a single peak curve,that was to rise first than to decrease,both peaked at 12 h. The activities of SOD,POD,CAT increased 17.22%, 19.98% and 17.0.8% respectively more than P9. Moreover,the tetraploid always showed a higher activity and content than the diploid. The ability to eliminate reactive oxygen of P8 was better than that of P9. High synthesis rate was maintained so as to keep the content of osmolyte to resist the low temperature stress. D

关 键 词：不结球白菜 四倍体 抗寒基因 保护酶 光合特性 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]