不同保护措施对河西走廊梨幼树抽条的影响  

Effect of Different Protection Measures on Shoots Shriveling of Pear Saplings in Hexi Corridor

作　　者：王多文 王鑫 张军 曹虎 高静涛 何彩 

机构地区：[1]武威市林业科学研究院,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第18期44-46,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：甘肃省林果产业科技创新资助项目(2130206)

摘　　要：以当年栽植的"黄冠梨"幼树为试材,以自然越冬为对照,研究涂防冻液、涂白、绑缚草蝇、涂液态地膜、压倒埋土、套袋埋土不同保护性措施对梨幼树抽条的影响。结果表明:压倒埋土和套袋埋土处理平均抽条指数最低,分别为10.00%和7.17%,但用工多,技术难度大,成本高;其次是涂白和液态地膜处理,平均抽条指数分别为19.67%和19.00%,用工少,成本低,效果较好;涂防冻液处理平均抽条指数为37.54%,效果差;绑草绳处理效果最差,平均抽条指数达56.37%,和自然越冬无异;另外,梨幼树抽条与土壤状况、大青叶蝉为害程度和树势相关;试验表明涂白和液态地膜处理是适合河西走廊梨幼树的2种低成本、高效省力、效果好的越冬保护措施。With 1-year-old pear saplings of‘Huangguan pear＇as materials,with natural overwintering treatment as control,the effect of different protection measures（brushing antifreeze,brushing white,tied to straw rope,brushing liquid state mulch,overwhelming soil-burry,bagging soil-burrycover）on shoots shriveling were studied.The results showed that the average shriveling index of overwhelming and bagging soil-burry methods were only 10.00%and 7.17%,but they had taken larger amount of labor,higher technical requirements and costs than other ways.The average shriveling index of brushing white and liquid state mulch treatment were 19.67%and 19.00%.They had slightly higher shriveling index than soil-burry methods but lower costs.The treatment of brushing antifreeze had poor effect,its average shriveling index was 37.54%.Tied to straw rope treatment had the poorest effect and the shriveling index was 56.37%that almost equally to natural overwintering.Additionally,pear saplings shriveling were connected with soil conditions,damage degree of green leafhopper（Cicadella viridis（Linnaeus））and tree vigor.It was suggested that the treatments of brushing white and liquid state mulch were the effective methods of pear sapling overwintering in Hexi Corridor,they had low costs,high efficiency and good effect.

关 键 词：“黄冠梨” 幼树 越冬 抽条 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]