蚯蚓粪与蛭石结合对设施菠菜生长和品质的影响  

Effect of Vermicompost and Vermiculite on the Growth and Quality of Spinach in Greenhouse

作　　者：王小波[1,2] 卢树昌[1] 王瑞[3] 翁福军 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农田生态与环境修复技术工程中心,天津300384 [3]天津农学院农业分析测试中心,天津300384

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第18期63-66,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：天津市科技支撑重点计划资助项目(13ZCZDNC00500)

摘　　要：以菠菜为试材,采用小区试验方法,研究了蛭石(ZS)、蚯蚓粪(QY)、鸡粪(JF)、蚯蚓粪和蛭石混合(ZS+QY)、鸡粪和蛭石混合(ZS+JF)等不同处理对设施菠菜生长和品质的影响。结果表明:对照处理菠菜在整个生长过程中的株高、叶绿素含量、光合作用强度是最低的,其次为蛭石处理。在播种后30、60d时,鸡粪处理(ZS+JF、JF)菠菜株高、叶绿素含量、光合作用强度最高,85d时,蚯蚓粪+蛭石(ZS+QY)处理的株高、叶绿素含量、光合作用强度最高。各处理的产量顺序为蚯蚓粪处理(ZS+QY,QY)>鸡粪处理(ZS+JF,JF)>蛭石处理(ZS)>对照(CK)。其中ZS+QY处理的产量达到3 409.1kg/667m2,较CK处理高出55.0%。施用鸡粪、蚯蚓粪均显著提高了菠菜中草酸、硝酸盐、可溶性糖、维生素C含量,而2种有机肥相比,蚯蚓粪较鸡粪显著降低了菠菜的草酸、硝酸盐含量,而单宁、可溶性糖、维生素C含量之间的差异较小。施用蛭石可以提高菠菜维生素C含量,而对其它品质指标影响较小。表明蚯蚓粪是一种优质的有机肥,可用于设施蔬菜的高产优质栽培。Taking spinach as material,with plot test method,the effect of different treatments vermiculite（ZS）,vermicompost（QY）,chicken manure（JF）,vermicompost and vermiculite mixture（ZS＋QY）,chicken manure and vermiculite mixture（ZS＋JF）in greenhouse on growth and quality of spinach were studied.The results showed that the plant height,chlorophyll and photosynthesis of spinach of control（CK）treatment were the lowest,followed by vermiculite treatment in the whole growth process.At the 30 days and 60 days after sowing,the plant height,chlorophyll and photosynthesis of spinach of chicken manure treatment（ZS＋JF,JF）〉were the highest,at 85 days,that were vermicompost＋vermiculite treatment.Yield order of each treatment was vermicompost treatment（ZS＋QY,QY〉）chicken manure treatment（ZS＋JF,JF）〉vermiculite treatment（ZS）〉CK.The yield of ZS＋QY treatment reached 3 409.1kg/667m^2,55%higher than that of CK.The oxalate,nitrate,soluble sugar and vitamin C content were significantly increased after application of chicken manure and vermicompost.Compared with two kinds of organic manure,vermicompost treatment significantly reduced oxalate and nitrate content of spinach,and the differences among tannin,soluble sugar and vitamin C content were not significant vermiculite increased the vitamin C content of spinach,but it had little effect on other quality index.That suggested vermicompost was a kind of high quality organic fertilizer for high yield and quality cultivation of vegetables.

关 键 词：蚯蚓粪 蛭石 菠菜 生长 品质 

分 类 号：S636.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S141.6[农业科学—园艺学]